A5035083346- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Skin Diseases and Diabetes
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Dermatological and Skeletal Disorders
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
University of Virginia
2010-2025
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
2023-2024
University of Virginia Health System
2022-2024
Carter Center
2024
Urology of Virginia
2024
Pulmonary and Critical Care Associates
2017-2021
Wake Forest University
2010
Murine models of SARS-CoV-2 infection are critical for elucidating the biological pathways underlying COVID-19. Because human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is receptor SARS-CoV-2, mice expressing ACE2 gene have shown promise as a potential model Five from transgenic mouse strain K18-hACE2 were intranasally inoculated with Hong Kong/VM20001061/2020. Mice followed twice daily 5 days and scored weight loss clinical symptoms. Infected did not exhibit any signs until day 4, when no other...
Immune dysregulation is characteristic of the more severe stages SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding mechanisms by which immune system contributes to COVID-19 severity may open new avenues treatment. Here, we report that elevated IL-13 was associated with need for mechanical ventilation in 2 independent patient cohorts. In addition, patients who acquired while prescribed Dupilumab, a mAb blocks and IL-4 signaling, had less disease. SARS-CoV-2–infected mice, neutralization reduced death...
Cholesterol is a critical component of cell membranes, and cellular cholesterol levels distribution are tightly regulated in mammals. Recent evidence has revealed role for pancreatic beta cell-specific homeostasis insulin secretion as well dysfunction diabetes the metabolic response to thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which antidiabetic drugs. The ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) been shown play efflux, but its cells currently unknown. In other types, ABCG1 expression downregulated...
Importance Preclinical models suggest dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase relative activity angiotensin II compared with (1-7) and be an important contributor to COVID-19 pathophysiology. Objective To evaluate efficacy safety RAS modulation using 2 investigational agents, TXA-127 (synthetic [1-7]) TRV-027 (an type 1 receptor–biased ligand), that are hypothesized potentiate action mitigate II. Design, Setting, Participants Two...
The relationship between diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is bidirectional: Although individuals with high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) are predisposed to severe COVID-19, acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can also cause hyperglycemia exacerbate underlying metabolic syndrome. Therefore, interventions capable of breaking the network SARS-CoV-2 infection, hyperglycemia, hyperinflammation, all factors that drive COVID-19 pathophysiology, urgently needed. Here,...
Abstract Immune dysregulation is characteristic of the more severe stages SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding mechanisms by which immune system contributes to COVID-19 severity may open new avenues treatment. Here we report that elevated interleukin-13 (IL-13) was associated with need for mechanical ventilation in two independent patient cohorts. In addition, patients who acquired while prescribed Dupilumab had less disease. infected mice, IL-13 neutralization reduced death and disease...
Abstract Background Based on studies implicating the type 2 cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13) as a potential contributor to critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this trial was designed an early phase study assess dupilumab, monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-13 and 4 signaling, for treatment of inpatients with COVID-19. Methods We conducted 2a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (NCT04920916) safety efficacy dupilumab plus standard care vs placebo in mitigating respiratory...
Abstract Background Persistent mortality in adults hospitalized due to acute COVID-19 justifies pursuit of disease mechanisms and potential therapies. The aim was evaluate which virus host response factors were associated with risk among participants Therapeutics for Inpatients (TICO/ACTIV-3) trials. Methods A secondary analysis 2625 SARS-CoV-2 infection randomized 1 5 antiviral products or matched placebo 114 centers on 4 continents. Uniform, site-level collection participant baseline...
475 Background: Immunotherapy (IO) has dramatically changed the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The expanded use of IO in mRCC led to an increased risk immune-related adverse events (irAEs) this population. Pneumonitis is uncommon but potentially fatal irAE. Data describing incidence pneumonitis among treated are sparse and clinical experience these not widely described. Methods: We retrospectively identified who received therapy at University...
Activated endothelium and increased monocyte-endothelial interactions in the vessel wall are key early events atherogenesis. ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters play important roles regulating sterol homeostasis many cell types. Endothelial cells (EC) have a high capacity to efflux sterols express ABC transporter, ABCG1. Here, we define role of ABCG1 regulation lipid inflammation aortic EC.Using EC isolated from ABCG1-deficient mice (ABCG1 KO), observed reduced cholesterol high-density...
Abstract Background We previously conducted a phase 2a randomized placebo-controlled trial of 40 subjects to assess the efficacy and safety dupilumab use in people hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (NCT04920916). Based on our preclinical data suggesting that downstream pulmonary dysfunction COVID-19 induced type 2 inflammation, we contacted patients from study at 1 year for assessment post-COVID-19 conditions. Methods Subjects after treatment underwent function tests,...
Evaluating the National Institute's Health's (NIH's) response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic via grants and clinical trials is crucial determining impact they had on aiding US citizens. We determined how NIH's funding for COVID-19 research was disbursed used by various institutions across United States. queried NIH RePORTER isolated COVID-19-related from January 2020 December 2021. analyzed grant type, geographical location, awardee institution. Manuscripts published these...
We developed a SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit vaccine formulation containing dual TLR ligand liposome adjuvant. The vaccine-induced robust systemic neutralizing antibodies and completely protected mice from lethal challenge. Two immunizations against lung injury cleared the virus lungs upon adjuvanted also elicited local anti-Spike IgA which can be an important feature for COVID-19 vaccine.
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Detailed understanding of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, cause disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been hampered by a lack quantitative antibody assays. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective was develop assay for IgG SARS-CoV-2 proteins that could be implemented in clinical and research laboratories. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> biotin-streptavidin...
The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) is the main driver of biomaterial implant failure. Current strategies to mitigate onset a FBR include modification surface, release anti-inflammatory drugs, and cell-scale porosity. microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffold platform an injectable, porous composed individual microgels, which are in situ provide structurally stable with microporosity. MAP does not induce discernible vivo and, therefore, can be used "blank canvas" for...
Atherosclerosis-the major underlying pathology of cardiovascular disease-is characterized by accumulation and subsequent oxidative modification lipoproteins within the artery wall, leading to inflammatory cell infiltration lesion formation that can over time result in arterial stenosis, ischemia, downstream adverse events. The contribution innate adaptive immunity atherosclerosis development is well established, B cells have emerged as important modulators both pro- anti-inflammatory effects...
COVID-19 manifests a spectrum of respiratory symptoms, with the more severe often requiring hospitalization. To identify markers for disease progression, we analyzed longitudinal gene expression data from patients confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) acute hypoxic failure (AHRF) as well other ICU or without AHRF and correlated results set enrichment analysis clinical features. The were then compared second dataset separated by stage severity. Transcriptomic...
Transfusion of high-titer CIP to non-critically ill patients early after admission with COVID-19 respiratory disease was associated significantly increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies (compared baseline) and a non-significant reduction in ICU transfer death controls). This prospective phase II trial provides suggestion that the antiviral effects from pandemic may delay progression critical illness patient populations.
ABSTRACT The long-term physiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2, termed Post-Acute Sequelae COVID-19 (PASC), are rapidly evolving into a major public health concern. underlying cellular and molecular etiology remain poorly defined but growing evidence links PASC to abnormal immune responses and/or poor organ recovery post-infection. Yet, the precise mechanisms driving non-resolving inflammation impaired tissue repair in context unclear. With insights from three independent clinical cohorts...