A5033535216- Gut microbiota and health
- Microscopic Colitis
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Immune cells in cancer
- interferon and immune responses
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Inserm
2007-2025
Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
2022-2025
Université Paris Cité
2022-2025
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2012-2025
Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari
2021-2023
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas
2023
Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca
2016-2021
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
2005-2016
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2016
Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse
2015-2016
<h3>Objective</h3> A decade of microbiome studies has linked IBD to an alteration in the gut microbial community genetically predisposed subjects. However, existing profiles dysbiosis adult patients are inconsistent among published studies, and did not allow identification signatures for CD UC. Here, we aimed compare faecal with having UC non-IBD subjects a longitudinal study. <h3>Design</h3> We analysed cohort 2045 samples from four countries (Spain, Belgium, UK Germany), applied 16S rRNA...
Gut bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii activates a newly identified set of human IL-10-producing Treg cells (CD4CD8αα lymphocytes), revealing mechanism by which commensal microbes contribute to host immunity.
The human colonic mucosa contains regulatory type 1-like (Tr1-like, i.e. IL-10-secreting and Foxp3-negative) T cells specific for the gut Clostridium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), which are both decreased in Crohn's disease patients. These data, together with demonstration, mice, that (Treg) induced by bacteria key players colon homeostasis, support a similar role F. prausnitzii-specific Treg colon. Here we assessed mechanisms whereby induces Treg. We demonstrated...
The progression of cirrhosis is associated with alterations in the composition gut microbiome. To assess microbial translocation, we compared serum patients and without ascites characterized ascitic fluid microbiome using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing data. A complex specific community was detected but barely detectable healthy controls. presented higher levels lipopolysaccharide binding protein, a marker diversity relative abundance Clostridiales an unknown genus belonging to...
BackgroundFaecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel potential therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases, but it poorly characterised.MethodsWe evaluated the performance of mouse and rat as pre-clinical model human engraftment. We then characterised effect single stool transfer (HST) on humanised DSS-induced colitis. Colonic faecal microbial communities were analysed using 16S rRNA approach clinical manifestations assessed in longitudinal setting.FindingsThe community rats showed...
Abstract Background Microbiome studies report low gut microbial richness and diversity in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. We explored whether UC patients who reach long-term clinical, endoscopic, histological remission show a ecosystem that is similar to healthy individuals. Methods collected 184 stool samples from 111 individuals (UC long remission, short flare, control subjects). Microbiota was analyzed by amplicon sequencing (16S ribosomal RNA) quantitative polymerase chain reaction for...
A number of drug treatments are known to alter the dialogue between gut microbiota and immune system components in digestive mucosa. Alterations intestinal homeostasis now well affect peripheral responses favor occurrence a pathologies such as allergies cancers. Erythropoietin’s pleiotropic effects might explain adverse events sometimes observed anemic patients treated by erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). However, impact this therapeutic cytokine on tract has not previously been...
CD70 is a costimulatory molecule of the tumour necrosis factor family expressed in activated immune cells and some solid tumours. In lymphocytes triggers T cell-mediated cytotoxicity mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. We evaluated expression biopsies melanoma cell lines. Using lines positive or not for CD70, we analysed function on progression. report human from biopsies. This was observed 95% primary melanomas but only 37% metastases. Both monomeric trimeric forms were...
Abstract High level of T‐cell infiltration in colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) is a good prognostic indicator, but the tumor reactivity this infiltrate (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL]) poorly documented. This study examined presence, phenotype and functional features tumor‐reactive human CRC. Freshly dissociated TIL T cell lines were isolated from CRC samples some paired normal colonic mucosa. Four obtained. Autologous analyzed. We demonstrate presence among variable fractions (up to 18%)...
BackgroundThe remission of Crohn's disease (CD) can be accomplished by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). However, this procedure has a low success rate, which could attributed to mis-communication between recipient intestinal mucosa and donor microbiota.MethodsHere we used human explant tissue model an in vivo mouse examine changes upon contact with suspension (FS) obtained from healthy donor. CD patients provided resected inflamed non-inflamed mucosal tissues, whereas control colonic...
Microbiome sequence data have been used to characterize Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Based on these data, we previously identified microbiomarkers at the genus level predict CD relapse. However, microbial load was underexplored as a potential biomarker in inflammatory bowel (IBD). Here, sought study use of fungal bacterial loads biomarkers detect both UC We analyzed fecal 294 stool samples obtained from 206 participants using real-time PCR amplification ITS2 region 16S...
The capacity of FasL molecules expressed on melanoma cells to induce lymphocyte apoptosis contributes either antitumor immune response or escape depending their expression level. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms regulating protein expression. Using murine B16F10 model weakly positive for FasL, we demonstrated that in vitro treatment with statins, inhibitors 3-hydroxy3-methylgutaryl CoA reductase, enhances membrane C3 exotoxin and geranylgeranyl transferase I inhibitor GGTI-298,...
Abstract The adverse effects observed in some cancer patients treated with erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents such as erythropoietin (EPO) might be due to the latter's well‐known immunosuppressive functions. Here, we used a mouse model of syngeneic triple‐negative breast explore EPO's immunomodulatory role tumour setting. Our results showed that EPO treatment promotes growth, exacerbates ‘immune desert’, and ‘cold tumour’. changed immune cell distribution peripheral blood, secondary lymphoid...
The uptake and long-term cross-presentation of tumor Ag long peptides (LP) by dendritic cells (DC) make them attractive cancer vaccine candidates. However, it remains to be established whether LP can prime long-lived tumor-reactive CTL other cell types are able cross-present them. Using HLA-A2 healthy donor melanoma patient-derived PBMC, we studied the in vitro cross-priming potential Melan-A 16-40 bearing HLA-A2-restricted epitope 26-35 or its analog 26-35(A27L) compared priming capacity...
ABSTRACT Defective antitumor immune responses are frequent consequences of defects in the expression major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and costimulatory molecules. We demonstrated that statins, inhibitors HMGCoA reductase, enhance mIFN‐γ induced MHC antigens on murine B16F10 melanoma. GGTI‐298, a geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitor, but not FTI‐277, farnesyl mimics this effect statins. This is related to peptide transporter protein TAP1 up‐regulation. Simultaneously, GGTI‐298...
Whether the interaction between gut microbiota and immune response influences evolution of cirrhosis is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate modifications microbiome during progression cirrhosis. Rats were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induce then assessed load composition in stool, ileocecal contents (ICCs), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), blood, ascitic fluids (AFs) at 6, 8, 10 weeks or ascites production measured cytokine MLNs blood. The MLN, AF showed a distinct compared...
Suboptimal activation of T lymphocytes by melanoma cells is often due to the defective expression class I major histocompatibility antigens (MHC-I) and costimulatory molecules. We have previously shown that geranylgeranyl transferase inhibition (done with GGTI-298) stimulates anti-melanoma immune response through MHC-I molecule in B16F10 murine model [1].In this study, it vaccination mIFN-gand GGTI-298 pretreated induces a protection against untreated tumor growth pulmonary metastases...
CD70 is a costimulatory molecule member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor family that expressed on activated immune cells. Its ectopic expression has been described in several types cancer cells including lymphomas, renal cell carcinomas and glioblastomas. We have recently its part tumor from vast majority melanoma biopsies human lines, found decreased over time as disease progressed. Here, we show RhoA, BRAF Mitogen Activating Protein Kinase pathways are involved positive transcriptional...