A5066061943- Birth, Development, and Health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Digital Filter Design and Implementation
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
- Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Power Line Communications and Noise
- Low-power high-performance VLSI design
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Embedded Systems Design Techniques
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences
2015-2024
Agency for Science, Technology and Research
2015-2024
National University of Singapore
2023
Benha University
2021
Douglas Mental Health University Institute
2020
McGill University
2020
New York University Press
2017-2020
Columbia University
2020
Cornell University
2020
Cambridge University Press
2017
Abstract Faster eating rates are associated with increased energy intake, but little is known about the relationship between children’s rate, food intake and adiposity. We examined whether children who eat faster consume more this higher weight status hypothesised that rate mediates child ad libitum intake. Children ( n 386) from Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes cohort participated a video-recorded lunch at 4·5 years to measure acute Videos were coded for three...
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated significant morbidity mortality. Thyroid hormone (TH) increases β-oxidation of acids decreases intrahepatic lipid content (IHLC) rodents NAFLD. We investigated the possibility low TH concentration NAFLD studied effect treatment humans. This was a phase 2b single-arm study six hospitals Singapore. Intrahepatic thyroid concentrations were measured rats induced Euthyroid...
Weight loss is the most effective treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There evidence that Mediterranean diets rich in unsaturated acids and fiber have beneficial effects on weight homeostasis metabolic risk factors individuals with NAFLD. Studies also shown higher circulating concentrations of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) are associated lower To examine a Mediterranean-like, culturally contextualized Asian diet acids, or without C15:0 supplementation, Chinese females In...
This study develops a Bayesian semi-parametric model to examine the longitudinal growth and appetite phenotypes in children from GUSTO cohort, with focus on understanding relationship between eating behaviours outcomes over time. While behaviours, such as picky eating, have been shown influence future weight obesity risk, their developmental patterns associations trajectories remain under-explored. work addresses these gaps by modelling data, including both metrics (e.g., BMI) Child Eating...
This study aimed to compare the associations of positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance (MR), and infrared thermography (IRT) imaging modalities with energy expenditure (EE) after brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation using capsinoid ingestion cold exposure.Twenty participants underwent PET-MR, IRT imaging, whole-body calorimetry exposure. Standardized uptake values (SUV) fat fraction (FF) supraclavicular regions were estimated. The anterior temperature (Tscv) from at baseline...
Objective Individuals who have “metabolically obese normal weight” (MONW) an increased risk for cardiometabolic disease. Moderate weight loss has multiple benefits in people with obesity, but its effects lean are unknown. Thus, the of diet‐induced 5% on body composition and metabolic function MONW subjects were evaluated. Methods Total fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) subcutaneous abdominal (SAT) volumes, intrahepatic intramyocellular lipid contents, insulin sensitivity...
Abstract Background Using longitudinal ultrasounds as an improved fetal growth marker, we aimed to investigate if deceleration followed by rapid postnatal weight gain is associated with childhood cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in a contemporary well-nourished population. Methods We defined (FGD) ultrasound-measured 2nd-3rd-trimester abdominal circumference decrease ≥0.67 standard deviation score (SDS) and (RPWG) 0–2-year-old increase SDS. In the GUSTO mother-offspring cohort, grouped 797...
Type 2 diabetes in Asia occurs largely the absence of obesity. The metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) phenotype refers to lean subjects with metabolic dysfunction that is typically observed people obesity and associated increased risk for diabetes. Previous studies evaluated MONW who had greater body mass index (BMI) or total fat than respective control groups, making interpretation results difficult. We insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp); secretion (mixed meal...
Adipocyte-derived hormones play a role in insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis. However, the relationship between circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), adipocytokines cold-induced supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (sBAT) activation is underexplored.Our study aimed to investigate relationships sBAT activity plasma FGF21 levels healthy adults.Nineteen participants underwent expenditure (EE) infrared thermography (IRT) within whole-body calorimeter at baseline 2 hours...
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing throughout Asia, even in the absence obesity, and lower women than men. underlying mechanisms are not well understood.To evaluate sex differences glucose fatty acid metabolism Asians who nonobese.Cross-sectional study.Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore.Healthy Asian men (n = 32; body mass index, 21.8 ± 1.5 kg/m2; age, 42 14 years) 28; 21.4 2.0 41 13 years).Insulin sensitivity (insulin-mediated uptake normalized for steady-state insulin;...
There are two types of fat tissues, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown (BAT), which essentially perform opposite functions in whole body energy metabolism. is a large interest identifying novel biophysical properties WAT BAT by quantitative easy-to-run technique. In this work, we used high-resolution pulsed field gradient diffusion NMR spectroscopy to study the apparent coefficient (ADC) molecules rat samples. The ADC from rats fed with chow diet was compared that high-fat monitor how...
The kynurenine pathway generates metabolites integral to energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and immune function. Circulating positively correlate with adiposity in children adults, yet it is not known whether this relationship present already at birth.In prospective longitudinal study, we investigate the between cord blood measures of from birth 4.5 years.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used quantify 812 neonates Growing Up Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO)...
The influence of prenatal exposure to per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on birth size offspring adiposity is unclear, especially for the newer, shorter-chained replacement PFAS.
The aim of this study was to investigate the independent associations between age-specific annual weight gain from birth age 4 years and fat deposition in metabolically distinct compartments at 4.5 a South Asian longitudinal cohort.Volumetric abdominal magnetic resonance imaging with comprehensive segmentation deep superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) visceral tissues (VAT) performed 316 children (150 boys 166 girls three ethnic groups; 158 Chinese, 94 Malay, 64 Indian) aged years....
Longitudinal assessment of the determinants obesogenic growth trajectories in childhood can suggest appropriate developmental windows for intervention.Latent class mixture modelling was used to identify body mass index (BMI) z-score from birth age 6 years 994 children a prospective mother-offspring cohort (Chinese, Indian and Malay ethnicities) based Singapore. We evaluated early-life as well their associations with cardiometabolic risk markers at years.Five BMI trajectory patterns were...
Abstract Investigations of long-term exercise interventions in humans to reverse obesity is expensive and hampered by poor compliance confounders. In the present study, we investigated intrahepatic muscle fat, visceral subcutaneous fat pads, plasma metabolic profile skeletal inflammatory markers response 12-week aerobic an obese rodent model. Six-week-old male Wistar rats (n=20) were randomized chow-fed control (Control, n=5), sedentary high-fat diet (HFD, (Exercise, n=5) HFD-fed...
To develop and evaluate an automated segmentation method for accurate quantification of abdominal adipose tissue (AAT) depots (superficial subcutaneous [SSAT], deep [DSAT], visceral [VAT]) in neonates young children.This was a secondary analysis prospectively collected data, which used MRI data from Growing Up Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes, or GUSTO, longitudinal mother-offspring cohort, to train convolutional neural network volumetric AAT segmentation. The comprised imaging volumes 333...
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls metabolic rate through thermogenesis. As its regulatory factors during the transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism are not well established, our study investigated relationships between supraclavicular brown (sBAT) activity and physiological/metabolic changes with in thyroid status.Participants newly diagnosed Graves' disease were recruited. A thionamide antithyroid drug (ATD) such as carbimazole (CMZ) or thiamazole (TMZ) was prescribed every case....
Abstract Background Cord blood leptin and adiponectin are adipokines known to be associated with birth weight overall infant adiposity. However, few studies have investigated their associations abdominal adiposity in neonates. We examined maternal factors cord adiponectin, the association of these neonatal fat distribution measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) an Asian mother–offspring cohort. Methods Growing Up Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO), is a prospective cohort study...