A5021617334- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- AI in cancer detection
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases
- Blood transfusion and management
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Trauma, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Resuscitation
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- HER2/EGFR in Cancer Research
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
- Family Support in Illness
Queen Mary University of London
2004-2024
Cancer Research UK
2005-2023
Imperial College London
2012-2023
University of Warwick
2015-2023
Creative Commons
2023
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
2023
University College London
1924-2023
University College Hospital
2023
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
2023
King's College London
2023
Mammographic breast density is a strong risk factor for cancer. Tamoxifen, which reduces the of cancer in women at high risk, also mammographic density. However, it not known if tamoxifen-induced reductions can be used to identify who will benefit most from prophylactic treatment with this drug. We conducted nested case–control study within first International Breast Cancer Intervention Study, randomized prevention trial tamoxifen vs placebo. was assessed visually and expressed as percentage...
Dramatic global increases in future numbers of people with dementia have been predicted. No multicentre population-based study powered to detect changes over time has reported incidence. MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (CFAS) undertook baseline interviews populations aged 65+ years England Wales (1989-1994). Three areas (CFAS I) were selected for new sampling two decades later (2008-2011) same geographical boundaries, approach methods II). At 2 CFAS I interviewed 5,156 (76% response)...
Venous disease is the most common cause of leg ulceration. Although compression therapy improves venous ulcer healing, it does not treat underlying causes hypertension. Treatment superficial reflux has been shown to reduce rate recurrence, but effect early endovenous ablation on healing remains unclear.
Treatment for hypertension with antihypertensive medication has been shown to reduce stroke, cardiovascular events, and mortality in older adults, but there is concern that such treatment may not be appropriate frailer adults. To investigate whether an interaction between effect of frailty we calculated the index (FI) all available participants from HYpertension Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) study, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study antihypertensives people aged 80 over, obtained adjusted...
Although mammographic breast density is associated with the risk of cancer and influenced by hormone levels, effects tamoxifen on in healthy women whether tamoxifen-induced changes are unclear. We investigated an increased at baseline during 54 months treatment.Mammograms were reviewed from 818 cancer-free (388 group 430 placebo group) high for cancer, International Breast Cancer Intervention Study I, a trial prevention. measurements, treatment, obtained 12- to 18-month intervals....
Abstract BACKGROUND Although there is evidence for a reduction in breast carcinoma mortality with mammographic screening, some doubts have been expressed, and still uncertainty regarding the age specific effects. METHODS The authors report on randomized, controlled trial of screening that was conducted among 51,611 women (21,650 who were invited to [the study group] 29,961 control group) ages 39–59 years Gothenburg, Sweden. Among group, interval 18 months. phase took place 1982–1991,...
Determination of survival time among persons with screen-detected cancer is subject to lead and length biases. The authors propose a simple correction for time, assuming an exponential distribution the preclinical screen-detectable period. Assuming two latent categories tumors, one which more prone screen detection correspondingly less death from in question, have developed strategy sensitivity analysis various magnitudes bias. Here they demonstrate these methods using series 25,962 breast...
Organ transplant recipients (OTR) are at high risk of developing nonmelanoma skin cancer and premalignant epidermal dysplasia (carcinoma in situ/ Bowen's disease actinic keratoses). Epidermal is often widespread there few comparative studies available treatments.To compare topical methylaminolaevulinate (MAL) photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5% fluorouracil (5-FU) cream the treatment post-transplant dysplasia.Eight OTRs were recruited to an open-label, single-centre, randomized, intrapatient...
Randomised controlled trials have shown that the policy of mammographic screening confers a substantial and significant reduction in breast cancer mortality. This has often been accompanied, however, by an increase incidence, particularly during early years programme, which led to concerns about overdiagnosis, is say, diagnosis disease that, if left undetected therefore untreated, would not become symptomatic. We used incidence data from two randomised screening, Swedish Two-county Trial...
Azathioprine is used to treat a variety of conditions and prevent graft rejection in organ transplant recipients (OTRs).To investigate clinically our previous finding that azathioprine metabolites interact with ultraviolet (UV) A radiation form promutagenic oxidative DNA damage determine whether this may be causal or contributory the development excess skin cancers post-transplantation.The clinical corollary these data were investigated. Five patients recruited minimal erythema dose (MED)...
Patients with mutations that inactivate kisspeptin signaling are infertile. Kisspeptin-54, the major circulating isoform of in humans, potently stimulates reproductive hormone secretion humans. Animal studies suggest is involved generation luteinizing surge, which required for ovulation; therefore, we hypothesized kisspeptin-54 could be used to trigger egg maturation women undergoing vitro fertilization therapy.Following superovulation recombinant follicle-stimulating and administration...
BackgroundIntegrin αvβ6 promotes migration, invasion, and survival of cancer cells; however, the relevance role has yet to be elucidated in breast cancer.
Abstract The aim of this study is to determine breast cancer risk at mammographic screening episodes and integrate standard factors with density genetic data assess changing the interval based on offer women high preventive strategies. We report our experience assessing within U.K. National Health Service Breast Screening Program using results from first 10,000 entered into "Predicting Risk Of Cancer At Screening" study. 28,849 attending for fifteen sites in Manchester (35%) consented entry...
High mammographic density is associated with both risk of cancers being missed at mammography, and increased developing breast cancer. Stratification cancer prevention screening requires measures predictive This study compares five to determine the association subsequent diagnosis presence screening.
Parenteral nutrition is central to the care of very immature infants. Current international recommendations favor higher amino acid intakes and fish oil-containing lipid emulsions.The aim this trial was compare 1) effects high [immediate recommended daily intake (Imm-RDI)] low [incremental introduction acids (Inc-AAs)] parenteral delivery within 24 h birth on body composition 2) effect a multicomponent emulsion containing 30% soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, 25% olive 15% oil (SMOF)...
<h3>Importance</h3> Platelet-rich plasma injections are used as a treatment for chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy, but evidence this is limited. <h3>Objective</h3> In adults with to assess the effects of single platelet-rich injection, compared sham on outcome Victorian Institute Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) score (a composite measure tendinopathy severity). <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A participant-blinded, multicenter randomized clinical trial that included 240...
Levels of plasma cytokines and circulating endotoxin were assessed in 41 patients with severe intra-abdominal sepsis. Comparison was made the Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scoring system. Blood samples taken within 24 h onset sepsis syndrome at serial times thereafter. Increased levels interleukin (IL) 6 (range 50-25,500 pg/ml) detectable all Eighteen 19 deaths attributable to higher IL-6 correlated a poor outcome. The sensitivity concentration predicting...
Abstract A novel method is proposed for choosing the tuning parameter associated with a family of robust estimators. It consists minimising estimated mean squared error, an approach that requires pilot estimation model parameters. The explored minimum distance estimators by [Basu, A., Harris, I.R., Hjort, N.L. and Jones, M.C., 1998, Robust efficient density power divergence. Biometrika, 85, 549–559.] Our preference in context version using L 2 estimator [Scott, D.W., 2001, Parametric...