A5014087860- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Travel-related health issues
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Global Health and Surgery
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
University of Gothenburg
2018-2024
World Health Organization - Pakistan
2009-2024
U.S. President's Malaria Initiative
2024
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
2024
National Institute for Medical Research
2007-2024
Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences
2024
Bugando Medical Centre
2024
Ifakara Health Institute
2024
National Office for Sanitation of Senegal
2024
Benadir University
2023-2024
Abstract Artemisinin resistance (delayed P. falciparum clearance following artemisinin-based combination therapy), is widespread across Southeast Asia but to date has not been reported in Africa 1–4 . Here we genotyped the K13 ( Pfkelch13 ) propeller domain, mutations which can mediate artemisinin 5,6 , pretreatment samples collected from recent dihydroarteminisin-piperaquine and artemether-lumefantrine efficacy trials Rwanda 7 While cure rates were >95% both treatment arms, R561H...
Recent gains in reducing the global burden of malaria are threatened by emergence Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins. The discovery that mutations portions a P. gene encoding kelch (K13)–propeller domains major determinant has provided opportunities for monitoring such on scale.
Efforts to control malaria have been boosted in the past few years with increased international funding and greater political commitment. Consequently, reported burden is being reduced a number of countries throughout world, including some tropical Africa where greatest. These achievements raised new hopes eradicating malaria. This paper summarizes outcomes World Health Organization's expert meeting on feasibility such goal. Given hindsight experience Global Malaria Eradication Programme...
The emergence of mutant K13-mediated artemisinin (ART) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites has led to widespread treatment failures across Southeast Asia. In Africa, K13-propeller genotyping confirms the R561H mutation Rwanda and highlights continuing dominance wild-type K13 elsewhere. Using gene editing, we show that R561H, along with C580Y M579I, confer elevated vitro ART some African strains, contrasting minimal changes susceptibility others. M579I cause substantial...
Although the clinical efficacy of antimalarial artemisinin-based combination therapies in Africa remains high, recent emergence partial resistance to artemisinin Plasmodium falciparum on continent is troubling, given lack alternative treatments.In this study, we used data from drug-efficacy studies conducted between 2016 and 2019 that evaluated 3-day courses therapy (artesunate-amodiaquine or artemether-lumefantrine) for uncomplicated malaria Eritrea estimate percentage patients with day-3...
In 2021, nationwide malaria molecular surveillance revealed a high prevalence of validated artemisinin resistance marker, the kelch13 (k13) Arg561His mutation, in Kagera region northwestern Tanzania. We aimed to investigate efficacy artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine confirm presence partial (ART-R) Karagwe district this region. This single-arm, therapeutic study was carried out at Bukangara dispensary Eligible participants were aged between 6 months 120 months, had confirmed...
Early diagnosis and prompt, effective treatment of uncomplicated malaria is critical to prevent severe disease, death transmission. We assessed the impact rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) by community health workers (CHWs) on provision artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) outcome in fever patients.Twenty-two CHWs from five villages Kibaha District, a high-malaria transmission area Coast Region, Tanzania, were trained manage using RDT aided or clinical (CD) only. Each CHW was randomly...
In Zanzibar, the Ministry of Health and partners accelerated malaria control from September 2003 onwards. The impact scale-up insecticide-treated nets (ITN), indoor-residual spraying (IRS) artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) combined on burden was assessed at six out seven in-patient health facilities. Numbers outpatient inpatient cases deaths were compared between 2008 pre-intervention period 1999-2003. Reductions estimated by segmented log-linear regression, adjusting effect size for...
Abstract Background Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the recommended antimalarial drugs for treatment of uncomplicated malaria. The recent emergence artemisinin partial resistance (ART-R) in Rwanda, Uganda and Eritrea is great concern. In Tanzania, a nationwide molecular malaria surveillance 2021 showed high prevalence Kelch13 (K13) 561H mutation Plasmodium falciparum from north-western region, close to border with Rwanda Uganda. This study was conducted 2022 evaluate...
The current malaria control strategy of WHO centres on early diagnosis and prompt treatment using effective drugs. Children with severe are often brought late to health facilities traditional practitioners said be the main cause delay. In context Rectal Artesunate Project in Tanzania, role healers management children was studied. A community cross-sectional study conducted Kilosa Handeni Districts, involving four villages selected basis existing statistics number involved malaria. total 41...
Prescribing antimalarial medicines based on parasite confirmed diagnosis of malaria is critical to rational drug use and optimal outcome febrile illness. The impact microscopy-based versus clinical-based childhood was assessed at primary health care (PHC) facilities using a cluster randomized controlled training intervention trial. Sixteen PHC in rural Tanzania were randomly allocated staff clinical algorithm plus microscopy (Arm-I, n = 5) or only (Arm-II, no (Arm-III, 6). Febrile under-five...
Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the first-line anti-malarial treatment of uncomplicated malaria in most endemic countries, including Tanzania. Unfortunately, there have been reports artemisinin resistance and ACT failure from South East Asia highlighting need to monitor therapeutic efficacy these countries as recommended by World Health Organization.Open-label single arm studies mainland Tanzania were conducted nine sentinel sites 2011, 2012 2015 assess safety...
Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends regular therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) to monitor the performance of first and second-line anti-malarials. In 2016, safety artemether-lumefantrine (AL) for treatment uncomplicated falciparum malaria were assessed through a TES conducted between April October 2016 at four sentinel sites Kibaha, Mkuzi, Mlimba, Ujiji in Tanzania. study also molecular markers artemisinin lumefantrine (partner drug) resistance. Methods Eligible...
High-throughput Plasmodium genomic data is increasingly useful in assessing prevalence of clinically important mutations and malaria transmission patterns. Understanding parasite diversity for identification specific human or populations that can be targeted by control programmes, to monitor the spread associated with drug resistance. An up-to-date understanding regional population dynamics also critical impact efforts. However, this largely absent from high-burden nations Africa, date, no...
Abstract Background Tanzania is currently implementing therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) in areas of varying malaria transmission intensities as per the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. In TES, distinguishing reinfection from recrudescence critical for determination anti-malarial efficacy. Recently, WHO recommended genotyping polymorphic coding genes, merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 (msp1 msp2) , replacing glutamate-rich protein ( glurp ) gene with one highly...
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Therapeutic efficacy studies (TESs) and detection of molecular markers drug resistance are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to monitor artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). This study assessed trends artemisinin and/or reduced susceptibility lumefantrine using samples collected in TES conducted Mainland Tanzania from 2016 2021.
Abstract One of the fundamental steps toward malaria control is use antimalarial drugs. The success treatment can be affected by presence drug-resistant populations Plasmodium falciparum. To assess resistance, we used molecular methods to examine 351 P. falciparum isolates collected from 4 sentinel sites in Mozambique for K13, pfmdr1, pfcrt, and pfdhps polymorphisms plasmepsin2 (pfpm2) pfmdr1 copy numbers. We found multiple copies pfpm2 1.1% isolates. All carried K13 wild-type alleles...
Purpose To report the prevalence of visual acuity, field, and ocular motility problems in children with epilepsy referred to Children's Epilepsy Surgery Service (CESS) for surgery. Methods This was a retrospective observational study all CESS Bristol between 2015 2020. Data extraction included age, age at diagnosis, etiology (as determined by seizure semiology, neuroimaging, electroencephalography), anti-seizure drugs, motility, fundus imaging. Results A total 221 were seen during period:...
Summary Objective To study the quality of malaria case management underfives at health facilities in a rural district, 2 years after Tanzanian treatment policy change 2001. Methods Consultations 117 sick by 12 workers 8 Mkuranga District, Tanzania were observed using checklists for history taking, counselling and prescription. Diagnoses recorded. Exit interviews performed with all mothers/guardians blood samples taken from detection parasites antimalarial drugs. Quality care was measured...
Abstract Background Artemether–lumefantrine (AL) and dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine (DHA/PPQ) are the recommended first- second-line treatments, respectively, for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Somalia. The studies reported here were conducted to assess efficacy of these artemisinin-based combinations mutations Plasmodium K13-propeller ( Pfk13 ) domain amplification Pfplasmepsin 2 Pfpm2 gene Methods One-arm prospective clinical parasitological responses DHA/PPQ AL at two sites 2016...