A5029539580- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Gates Foundation
2019-2024
University of British Columbia
2024
New York Academy of Sciences
2020
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2020
Hudson Institute
2020
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2004-2019
Center for Global Health
2017
World Health Organization
2012
University of California, San Francisco
2004-2012
San Francisco General Hospital
2006-2012
Klebsiella pneumoniae causes community- and healthcare-associated infections in children adults. Globally 2019, an estimated 1.27 million (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 0.91-1.71) 4.95 UI: 3.62-6.57) deaths were attributed to associated with bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR), respectively. K. was the second leading pathogen AMR resistant bacteria. Furthermore, rise of both hospital-acquired is a concern for neonates infants who are at high risk invasive disease. There limited...
Outbreaks of unexplained illness frequently remain under-investigated. In India, outbreaks an acute neurological with high mortality among children occur annually in Muzaffarpur, the country's largest litchi cultivation region. 2014, we aimed to investigate cause and risk factors for this illness.In hospital-based surveillance nested age-matched case-control study, did laboratory investigations assess potential infectious non-infectious causes illness. Cases were aged 15 years or younger who...
This Action Framework identifies priority actions to prevent antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) through expanding the use of licensed vaccines, developing new vaccines that contribute prevention and control AMR, knowledge about impact on AMR.
BackgroundHealth-care-associated infections (HAIs) cause significant morbidity and mortality globally, including in low-income middle-income countries (LMICs). Networks of hospitals implementing standardised HAI surveillance can provide valuable data on burden, identify monitor prevention gaps. Hospitals many LMICs use case definitions developed for higher-resourced settings, which require human resources laboratory imaging tests that are often not available.MethodsA network 26...
Background Despite significant global progress in reducing neonatal mortality, bacterial sepsis remains a major cause of deaths. Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K . ) is the leading pathogen globally underlying cases and frequently resistant to antibiotic treatment regimens recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), including first-line therapy with ampicillin gentamicin, second-line amikacin ceftazidime, meropenem. Maternal vaccination prevent infection could reduce burden low- middle-income...
World Health Organization (WHO) preferred product characteristics describe preferences for attributes that would help optimize value and use to address global public health needs, with a particular focus on low- middle-income countries. Having previously published both maternal paediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines, WHO recently monoclonal antibodies prevent severe RSV disease in infants. This article summarizes the key from discusses considerations future access of...
BackgroundAnnual outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome pose a major health burden in India. Although Japanese virus (JEV) accounts for around 15% reported cases, the aetiology most cases remains unknown. We aimed to establish an enhanced surveillance network and use standardised diagnostic algorithm conduct systematic evaluation India.MethodsIn this large-scale, study India, patients presenting with (ie, onset fever altered mental status, seizure, or both) any 18 participating hospitals...
To develop better estimates of brucellosis incidence, we conducted population-based surveillance for acute febrile illness (AFI) in Fayoum governorate (population 2347249), Egypt during two summer periods (2002 and 2003). All hospitals a representative sample community healthcare providers were included. AFI patients without obvious etiology tested by culture serology. Incidence calculated adjusting sampling methodology study period. Of 4490 enrolled, 321 (7%) met the case definition. The...
Credible measures of disease incidence are necessary to guide typhoid fever control efforts. In Egypt, estimates have been derived from hospital-based syndromic surveillance, which may not represent the population with fever. To determine population-based in Fayoum Governorate (pop. 2,240,000), we established laboratory-based surveillance at five tiers health care. Incidence were adjusted for sampling and test sensitivity. Of 1,815 patients evaluated, cultures yielded 90 (5%) Salmonella...
Abstract The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation supported respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) mortality surveillance studies in several low- and middle-income countries to address the striking gap community burden data from these geographies. compelling findings generated reveal a high unmeasured of RSV mortality, particularly among infants aged <6 months who are target population for immunization products currently late-stage clinical development. These should inform revised global...
Establishing and expanding government led networks to strengthen infection prevention control healthcare associated surveillance are essential effectively tackle antimicrobial resistance. <b>Soumya Swaminathan colleagues</b> discuss the progress in India
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) surveillance in India has indicated that Japanese virus (JEV) accounts for 5-35% of AES cases annually; the etiology remains unknown remaining cases. We implemented comprehensive to identify other etiological agents AES, with emphasis on dengue virus.Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected from patients enrolled prospectively 2014-2017 at selected sites three high burden states India. All samples initially tested JEV IgM. Specimens...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the predominant cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children worldwide, yet no licensed RSV vaccine exists to help prevent millions illnesses and hospitalizations tens thousands lives taken each year. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) prophylaxis for prevention a small subset very high-risk infants children, but only currently product impractical, requiring multiple doses expensive low-income settings where disease burden greatest. A robust...
Policymakers often rely on impact and cost-effectiveness evaluations to inform decisions about the introduction of health interventions in low- middle-income countries (LMICs); however, results for same intervention can differ by choice parameter inputs, modelling assumptions, geography. Anticipating near-term availability new respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prevention products, WHO convened a two-day virtual consultation April 2022 with stakeholder groups global experts economics,...