A5084822058- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Malaria Research and Control
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
Yale University
2013-2022
Yale Cancer Center
2022
American Museum of Natural History
2015
Abstract In an attempt to control the mosquito-borne diseases yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika fevers, a strain of transgenically modified Aedes aegypti mosquitoes containing dominant lethal gene has been developed by commercial company, Oxitec Ltd. If lethality is complete, releasing this should only reduce population size not affect genetics target populations. Approximately 450 thousand males were released each week for 27 months in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil. We genotyped release...
Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect more than 400 million people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya. Progress in understanding the biology of developing tools to fight them has been slowed by lack a high-quality genome assembly. Here we combine diverse technologies produce markedly improved, fully re-annotated AaegL5 assembly, demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science. We anchored physical cytogenetic maps, doubled number...
Although anthropogenic impacts are often considered harmful to species, human modifications the landscape can actually create novel niches which other species adapt. These "domestication" processes especially important in context of arthropod disease vectors, where ecological overlap vector and populations may lead epidemics. Here, we present results a global genetic study one such dengue yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, whose evolutionary history current distribution have been...
Abstract Identifying our most distant animal relatives has emerged as one of the challenging problems in phylogenetics. This debate major implications for understanding origin multicellular animals and earliest events evolution, including nervous system. Some analyses identify sponges (Porifera-sister hypothesis), others comb jellies (Ctenophora-sister hypothesis). These vary many respects, making it difficult to interpret previous tests these hypotheses. To gain insight into why different...
Giant tortoises are among the longest-lived vertebrate animals and, as such, provide an excellent model to study traits like longevity and age-related diseases. However, genomic molecular evolutionary information on giant is scarce. Here, we describe a global analysis of genomes Lonesome George-the iconic last member Chelonoidis abingdonii-and Aldabra tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea). Comparison these with those related species, using both unsupervised supervised analyses, led us detect...
Aedes aegypti, commonly known as "the yellow fever mosquito", is of great medical concern today primarily the major vector dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses, although remains a serious health in some regions. The history Ae. aegypti Brazil particular interest because country was subjected to well-documented eradication program during 1940s-1950s. After cessation campaign, mosquito quickly re-established early 1970s with several dengue outbreaks reported last 30 years. can be considered...
Convergent evolution provides a rare, natural experiment with which to test the predictability of adaptation at molecular level. Little is known about basis convergence over macro-evolutionary timescales. Here we use combination positional cloning, population genomic resequencing, association mapping and developmental data demonstrate that positionally orthologous nucleotide variants in upstream region same gene, WntA, are responsible for parallel mimetic variation two butterfly lineages...
The yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti inhabits much of the tropical and subtropical world is a primary vector dengue, Zika, chikungunya viruses. Breeding populations A. were first reported in California (CA) 2013. Initial genetic analyses using 12 microsatellites on collections from Northern CA 2013 indicated South Central US region as likely source introduction. We expanded by: (a) examining additional samples including Southern CA, (b) more southern for comparison, (c) genotyping subset...
Abstract Aedes aegypti , the major vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, remains great medical public health concern. There is little doubt that ancestral home species Africa. This mosquito invaded New World 400‐500 years ago later, Asia. However, known about genetic structure history Ae. across Africa, as well possible origin(s) invasion. Here, we use ~17,000 genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP s) to characterize a heretofore undocumented complex...
The dengue and yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, contributes significantly to global disease burden. Genetic study of aegypti is essential understanding its evolutionary history, competence as a vector, the effects efficacy vector control methods. prevalence repeats transposable elements in genome complicates marker development makes genome-wide genetic challenging. To overcome these challenges, we developed high-throughput genotyping chip, Axiom_aegypti1. This chip screens for 50,000...
Hookworm infection causes anemia, malnutrition, and growth delay, especially in children living sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization recommends periodic mass drug administration (MDA) of anthelminthics to school-age (SAC) as a means reducing morbidity. Recently, questions have been raised about the effectiveness MDA global control strategy for hookworms other soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). Genomic DNA was extracted from Necator americanus hookworm eggs isolated SAC enrolled...
The past decade has witnessed remarkable progress towards resolution of the Tree Life. However, despite increased use genomic scale datasets, some phylogenetic relationships remain difficult to resolve. Here we employ anchored phylogenomics capture 107 nuclear loci in 29 species acanthomorph teleost fishes, with 25 these sampled from recently delimited clade Ovalentaria. Previous studies employing multilocus exon datasets have not been able resolve nodes at base Ovalentaria tree confidence....
Abstract High resolution crossed beam laser spectroscopy has been performed on dysprosium I to measure the hyperfine structure and isotope shifts in six optical transitions. Excited states accessed by transitions at: 296.4600, 299.6833, 301.4279 nm have found different J values those given literature. Field mass factors for each transition extracted using King plot method Seltzer moments iterated upon produce an order of magnitude improvement precision.
Abstract The effective population size ( N e ) is a fundamental parameter in genetics that determines the relative strength of selection and random genetic drift, effect migration, levels inbreeding, linkage disequilibrium. In many cases where it has been estimated animals, on order 10%–20% census size. this study, we use 12 microsatellite markers 14,888 single nucleotide polymorphisms SNP s) to empirically estimate Aedes aegypti , major vector yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, Zika...
Hosts including humans, other vertebrates, and arthropods, are frequently infected with heterogeneous populations of pathogens. Within-host pathogen diversity has major implications for human health, epidemiology, evolution. However, within-hosts is difficult to characterize little known about the levels sources within-host maintained in natural disease vectors. Here, we examine genomic variation Lyme bacteria, Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), 98 individual field-collected tick vectors as a model...
Abstract Experimental evolution studies have examined coevolutionary dynamics between bacteria and lytic phages, where two models for antagonistic coevolution dominate: arms‐race (ARD) fluctuating‐selection (FSD). Here, we tested the ability Pseudomonas aeruginosa to coevolve with phage OMKO1 during 10 passages in laboratory, whether ARD versus FSD occurred, how affected a predicted phenotypic trade‐off resistance antibiotic sensitivity. We used unique “deep” sampling design, 96 bacterial...
The Trypanosoma brucei complex contains a number of subspecies with exceptionally variable life histories, including zoonotic subspecies, which are causative agents human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in sub-Saharan Africa.Paradoxically, genomic variation between taxa is extremely low.We analyzed the whole-genome sequences 39 isolates across T. from diverse hosts and regions, identifying 608,501 single nucleotide polymorphisms that represent 2.33% nuclear genome.We show pathogenicity occurs...
Background Trypanosoma brucei is a eukaryotic pathogen which causes African trypanosomiasis. It notable for its variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat, undergoes antigenic variation enabled by large suite of VSG pseudogenes, allowing persistent evasion host adaptive immunity. While rhodesiense (Tbr) and T. b gambiense (Tbg) are human infective, related b. (Tbb) cleared sera. A single gene, the Serum Resistance Associated (SRA) confers Tbr infectivity phenotype. Potential genetic...
Abstract The incidence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) increases with age, and blood involvement portends a worse prognosis. To advance our understanding the development CTCL identify potential therapeutic targets, we performed integrative analyses paired single-cell RNA receptor (TCR) sequencing peripheral CD4+ T cells from patients to reveal disease-unifying features. malignant showed highly diverse transcriptomic profiles across patients, most displaying mature Th2 differentiation...
Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect hundreds of millions people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya. Progress in understanding the biology this insect, developing tools to fight it, has been slowed by lack a high-quality genome assembly. Here we combine diverse technologies produce AaegL5, dramatically improved annotated assembly, demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science control. We anchored physical cytogenetic maps,...
The trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (Tbg) is a cause of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) endemic to many parts sub-Saharan Africa. disease almost invariably fatal if untreated and there no vaccine, which makes monitoring managing drug resistance highly relevant. A recent study HAT cases from the Democratic Republic Congo reported high incidence relapses in patients treated with melarsoprol. Of 19 Tbg strains isolated enrolled this study, four pairs were obtained same patient...
Abstract The tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes (Gff) is the insect vector of two forms Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) that exist in Uganda. Understanding Gff population dynamics, and underlying genetics epidemiologically relevant phenotypes key to reducing disease transmission. Using ddRAD sequence technology, complemented with whole-genome sequencing, we developed a panel ∼73,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across genome can be used for genomics perform...
Ambient air pollution remains a critical issue in the United Kingdom, where data on concentrations form foundation for interventions aimed at improving quality. However, current monitoring station network UK is characterized by spatial sparsity, heterogeneous placement, and frequent temporal gaps, often due to issues such as power outages. We introduce scalable data-driven supervised machine learning model framework designed address gaps filling missing measurements. This approach provides...
Deriving strains of mosquitoes with reduced genetic variation is useful, if not necessary, for many studies. Inbreeding the standard way achieving this. Full-sib inbreeding mosquito Aedes aegypti seven generations heterozygosity to 72% initial in contrast expected 13%. This deviation from expectations likely due high frequencies deleterious recessive alleles that, given number markers studied (27,674 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]), must be quite densely spread genome.