A5044430313- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Respiratory viral infections research
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini"
2017-2024
National Influenza Center
2024
University of Brescia
2022
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
2011
University of Pisa
2011
This study adds insight regarding the occurrence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Concern (VOCs) Interest (VOIs) in Italy October November 2022, by testing urban wastewater collected throughout country. A total 332 samples were from 20 Italian Regions/Autonomous Provinces (APs) within framework national environmental surveillance. Of these, 164 first week 168 November. ∼1600 bp fragment spike protein was sequenced Sanger (for individual samples) long-read nanopore sequencing pooled...
On November 26, 2021, the B.1.1.529 COVID-19 variant was classified as Omicron of concern (VOC). Reports higher transmissibility and potential immune evasion triggered flight bans heightened health control measures across world to stem its distribution. Wastewater-based surveillance has demonstrated be a useful complement for clinical community-based tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants. Using design principles our previous assays that detect variants (Alpha Delta), we developed an allele-specific...
Abstract Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is a bacterium frequently associated with porcine pleuropneumonia. The acute form of the disease highly contagious and often fatal, resulting in significant economic losses for pig farmers. Serotype diversity antimicrobial resistance (AMR) APP strains circulating north Italian farms from 2015 to 2022 were evaluated retrospectively investigate epidemiology area. A total 572 isolated outbreaks occurring 337 different swine analysed. majority...
The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants poses challenges to global surveillance efforts, necessitating swift actions in their detection, evaluation, and management. Among the most recent variants, Omicron BA.2.86 its sub-lineages have gained attention due potential immune evasion properties. This study describes development a digital PCR assay for rapid detection descendant lineages, wastewater samples. By using this assay, we analyzed samples collected Italy from September 2023 January...
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are considered a major public health issue. In the frame of EU Harmonized AMR Monitoring program conducted in Italy 2021, 21 epidemiological units fattening pigs (6.98%; 95% CI 4.37-10.47%; 21/301) and four bovines <12 months (1.29%; 0.35-3.27%, 4/310) resulted positive to OXA-48-like-producing E. coli (n = 24 OXA-181, n 1 OXA-48). Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) for in-depth characterization, genomics cluster analysis OXA-181-(and one OXA-48)...
Abstract Background The serovar Typhimurium (4, [5],12:i:1,2), is the most frequently isolated in case of salmonellosis pigs Europe and its monophasic variant [5],12:i:-) has been increasingly responsible for Salmonella outbreaks humans. A total 25,215 samples were collected, during years 2002–2017, from 1359 pig farms located Northern Italy. Samples collected different material sources including fecal samples, rectal swabs, gut content organs. Results was 15.80% and, among isolates, 733...
The complex health problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) involves many host species, numerous bacteria and several routes transmission. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase AmpC (ESBL/AmpC)-producing Escherichia coli are among the most important strains. Moreover, wildlife hosts interest as they likely antibiotics free assumed environmental indicators AMR contamination. Particularly, wild boar (Sus scrofa) deserves attention because its increased population densities, with consequent risks at...
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is a complex model of host/virus relationship. Disease control measures often includes "acclimatization", i.e. the exposure PRRS-naïve gilts sows to PRRSV-infected pigs premises before breeding period. In this respect, we had repeatedly observed an association between PRRSV-specific IgA responses in oral fluids (OF) block PRRSV spread. Therefore, set out investigate vitro inhibition replication by OF samples with different titers IgG...
Abstract Little is known about how co-infections and genotype dynamics affect Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in fattening pigs. This study was aimed at assessing the role of M. outbreaks, their influence on presence genotypes impact consequent lung lesions. Tracheobronchial swabs (TBS) from 300 finishers were collected 10 farms onset enzootic pneumonia outbreaks 1 month later, sampling 3 groups per farm: Group A showed clinical signs first, B housed near A, C located a different...
In veterinary medicine, the issue of antimicrobial resistance was mainly addressed in food-producing animals (although companion also deserve attention). Indeed, these species may be reservoir resistant microorganisms, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC (ESBL/AmpC)-producing bacteria. Dogs particular transmit them to close-contact humans. Overall 266 faecal samples healthy dogs were microbiologically molecularly analyzed investigate ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli effects...
Wastewater-based surveillance enabled the first detection of mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-10 in Italy. This plasmid-borne was found strains Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolated from samples human raw sewage collected over several months. Although isolates were phenotypically susceptible to colistin, emergence is concerning due highly variable expression and potential for horizontal transfer other species. In addition, also carried an extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistant...
AimsTo evaluate and compare the capabilities of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) techniques to characterize Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates investigate relationship between pleuromutilin resistance genetic variability.
The health problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) involves several species. AMR surveillance is essential to identify its development and design control strategies; however, available data are still limited in some contexts. profiles 2612 E. coli strains isolated over a period 15 years (2002–2016) from calf enteric cases were analyzed determine the presence their temporal dynamics. Furthermore, major virulence genes 505 1-week- 2-week-old calves, 406 treated with antimicrobials 99...
The emergence of colistin resistance raises growing concerns because its use as a last-resort antimicrobial for the treatment severe gram-negative bacterial infections in humans. Plasmid-borne mobile genes (mcr) are particularly worrisome due to their high propensity spread. An mcr-9-positive Escherichia coli was isolated from piglet Italy, representing first isolation this gene an E. animal origin country. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that mcr-9 borne by IncHI2 plasmid carrying...
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) affects farmed swine causing heavy direct indirect losses. The infections sustained by PRRS viruses (PRRSV-1 PRRSV-2) may give rise to severe clinical cases. This highlights the issue of PRRSV pathogenicity relevant markers thereof. Since strains can be discriminated in terms immunotypes, we aimed detect possible correlates virulence vitro based on profile innate immune responses induced diverse virulence. To this purpose, ten field...
The blastogenic response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) has been investigated for a long time in our laboratories. In particular, possible correlation between the LPS and disease resistance dairy cows suggested previous studies. Isolated PBMCs from eight at three different points during transition period (T0 = 15 days before calving; T1 7 post-calving; T2 21 post-calving) were cultured presence or absence LPS, was assayed 72 h after vitro...
Abstract Background Genotypic variability in M. hyopneumoniae has been reported within and among herds. However, information regarding VNTR types single lung lobes is lacking. The objective of his study was to analyse infections their association with lesions at the lobe level. Lungs from 300 pigs 10 farms experiencing an enzootic pneumonia outbreak were collected scored. detected by real-time PCR genotyped MLVA assay all samples. Results results showed genotypic lobes. At level, infection...
Optimising antimicrobial usage (AMU) in livestock is pivotal to counteract the emergence of resistance. We analysed AMU more than 1000 cattle herds over 11 years (2008–2018) Aosta Valley (Italy), a region where 80% farms house less 50 cattle. Dairy cows accounted for 95% AMU. was estimated using defined daily dose animal Italy (DDDAit) per biomass whole herd and treatment incidence 100 (TI100) cows. Average annual herd-level low, with 3.6 DDDAit/biomass (range: 3.2–4.0) 1.2 TI100 1.1–1.3)....
Abstract Background: The transport of live pigs poses a risk to on-farm biosecurity. Trucks can carry pathogens with significant economic and health impacts, including antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. This study aimed investigate the microbiological contamination trucks before after loading, focusing on AMR bacteria other major transmissible through faeces. Samples were collected by swabbing internal surface disinfected empty at farm entry (‘clean’) loading (‘dirty’), tested for total...
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a recognized, dynamic approach to monitoring the transmission of pathogens in communities through urban wastewater. This study aimed detect and quantify influenza A B viruses Italian wastewater during 2022–2023 season (October 2022 April 2023). total 298 samples were collected from 67 treatment plants (WTPs) across country. These analyzed for (IAV, IBV) using primers originally developed by Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) real-time PCR adapted...
Abstract The influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus continues to be a significant pathogen, posing potential risks both animal and human health due its zoonotic potential. Italy, which has one of the largest swine populations in Europe, plays crucial role monitoring evolution viruses livestock. This study aims address existing knowledge gaps regarding genetic diversity transmission dynamics circulating Italian populations. Utilizing whole genome sequencing dynamic modeling, we conducted comprehensive...
Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) vaccines are based on either inactivated whole virion, or recombinant ORF2 capsid protein assembled into Virus-like Particles (VLPs). No data available instead about the immunizing properties of free, non-assembled protein. To investigate this issue, a reference PCV2b strain was expressed in Baculovirus-based expression system without assembly VLPs. The free purified formulated an oil vaccine at three distinct Ag payloads: 10.8 / 3.6 1.2 micrograms /dose. Each...
Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) vaccines are based on either inactivated whole virion, or recombinant ORF2 capsid protein assembled into Virus-like Particles (VLPs). No data available about the immunizing properties of free, non-assembled protein. To investigate this issue, a reference PCV2b strain was expressed in Baculovirus-based expression system without assembly VLPs. The free purified formulated an oil vaccine at three distinct Ag payloads: 10.8/3.6/1.2 micrograms/dose. Each dose injected...