A5064666261- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- interferon and immune responses
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
University of Milan
2016-2025
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
2002-2024
Luigi Sacco Hospital
1999-2024
University of Verona
2024
Istituto Oncologico Veneto
2023-2024
GTx (United States)
2013-2018
Nerviano Medical Sciences
2016
Regione Puglia
2011
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Acceleratori e Superconduttività Applicata
2011
Tecnologie Avanzate (Italy)
1998-2010
Abstract The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestation remains unclear. Here, we analyse the viral genome on maternal and newborns nasopharyngeal swabs, vaginal umbilical cord plasma, placenta biopsies, amniotic fluids milk from 31 mothers with infection. In addition, also test specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies expression genes involved in inflammatory responses placentas, plasma. We detect one blood two at-term mucosa specimen. Furthermore, report presence IgM IgG Finally, three...
Abstract The potential virucidal effects of UV-C irradiation on SARS-CoV-2 were experimentally evaluated for different illumination doses and virus concentrations (1000, 5, 0.05 MOI). At a density comparable to that observed in infection, an dose just 3.7 mJ/cm 2 was sufficient achieve more than 3-log inactivation without any sign viral replication. Moreover, complete at all with 16.9 . These results could explain the epidemiological trends COVID-19 are important development novel...
Abstract COVID‐19 commonly leads to respiratory issues, yet numerous patients also exhibit a diverse range of neurological conditions, suggesting detrimental impact SARS‐CoV‐2 or the viral Spike protein on central nervous system. Nonetheless, molecular pathway behind pathology and presumed neurotropism remains largely unexplored. We generated human cortical organoids (HCOs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) assess: (1) expression main entry factors; (2) their vulnerability...
Abstract TLR3 recognizes dsRNA and activates antiviral immune responses through the production of inflammatory cytokines type I IFNs. Genetic association studies have provided evidence concerning role a polymorphism in (rs3775291, Leu412Phe) viral infection susceptibility. We genotyped rs3775291 population Spanish HIV-1–exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals who remain HIV despite repeated exposure i.v. injection drug use (IDU-HESN individuals) as witnessed by their hepatitis C virus...
Inflammasome-mediated activation of caspase-1 regulates inflammatory responses and pyroptosis. We analyzed possible associations between inflammasome-related genes immune reconstitution in HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated patients.Cross-sectional, case-control study. patients on ART for ≥24 months with HIV-RNA<50 cp/mL ≥12 were enrolled defined as immunological responders (IR) or non-responders (INR) if CD4 count was ≥500 ≤350 cells/μL, respectively. Expression inflammasome...
A substantial proportion of patients who have recovered from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) experience COVID-19-related symptoms even months after hospital discharge. We extensively immunologically characterized COVID-19. In these patients, T cells were exhausted, with increased PD-1+ cells, as compared healthy controls. Plasma levels IL-1β, IL-1RA, and IL-8, among others, also in This altered immunophenotype was mirrored by a reduced ex vivo cell response to both nonspecific specific...
The reason behind the high inter-individual variability in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and patient’s outcome is poorly understood. present study targets sphingolipid profile of twenty-four healthy controls fifty-nine COVID-19 patients with different disease severity. Sera were analyzed by untargeted targeted mass spectrometry ELISA. Results indicated a progressive increase dihydrosphingosine, dihydroceramides, ceramides, sphingosine, decrease sphingosine-1-phosphate. These changes are...
The presence and activity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific antibodies were analyzed in the sera 15 sexually exposed seronegative persons who had systemic HIV-specific cell-mediated immunity IgA-mediated mucosal their HIV-infected partners. HIV-positive subjects serum IgG IgA; IgA absence IgG. Testing 1 year after interruption at-risk sex showed that no seroconversion occurred concentrations declined. Serum from HIV-exposed was for ability to neutralize primary HIV-1 isolates....
To explore the mechanisms underlying suggested role of vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) complex in pathogenesis obesity we performed genetic and immunologic analyses obese non-obese Saudi individuals without other concomitant chronic diseases. Genomic DNA was genotyped for gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) VDR by allelic discrimination 402 (body mass index –BMI≥30 kg/m2) 489 (BMI<30 Saudis. Q-PCR were using an ABI Prism 7000 Sequence Detection System. The inflammosome pathway...
Human ERAP1 and ERAP2 encode two endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases. These enzymes trim peptides to optimal size for loading onto major histocompatibility complex class I molecules shape the antigenic repertoire presented CD8+ T cells. Therefore, may be considered potential selection targets modulators of infection susceptibility. We resequenced genic regions in three HapMap populations. In both cases, we observed high levels nucleotide variation, an excess intermediate-frequency alleles,...
Coronaviruses encode a variable number of accessory proteins that are involved in host-virus interaction, suppression immune responses, or evasion. SARS-CoV-2 encodes at least twelve proteins, whose roles during infection have been studied. Nevertheless, the role ORF3c protein, an alternative open reading frame ORF3a, has remained elusive. Herein, we show protein mitochondrial localization and alters metabolism, inducing shift from glucose to fatty acids oxidation enhanced oxidative...
Abstract Background Increasing evidence suggests a double-faceted role of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) following infection by variety viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Although α-syn accumulation is known to contribute cell toxicity and the development and/or exacerbation neuropathological manifestations, it also key sustaining anti-viral innate immunity. Consistently with aggregation as hallmark Parkinson's disease, most studies investigating biological function focused on neural cells, while...
Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a human cytidine deaminase, is potent inhibitor of HIV replication. To explore possible role this protein in modulating vivo susceptibility to infection, we analyzed APOBEC3G expression HIV-exposed seronegative individuals, HIV-seropositive patients, and healthy control subjects. The results showed that the significantly increased peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)--mainly CD14(+) cells--and cervical...
Defects in genes of the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) pathway are associated with susceptibility to herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis (HSE). We analyzed a cohort 11 adult Italian patients whom viral developed. detected 2 rare missense mutations TLR3: patient HSE (p.Leu297Val) and varicella-zoster (p.Leu199Phe). Both extremely human populations have pathogenicity scores highly suggestive functional effect. Data herein expand phenotypic spectrum TLR3 support role genetic defects as risk...
Abstract Nitazoxanide (Alinia ® , NTZ) and tizoxanide (TIZ), its active circulating metabolite, belong to a class of agents known as thiazolides (TZD) endowed with broad anti-infective activities. TIZ RM-4848, the metabolite RM-5038, were shown stimulate innate immunity in vitro . Because natural resistance HIV-1 infection HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals is suggested be associated strong immune responses, we verified whether RM-4848 could reduce infectiousness HIV-1. Peripheral...
The potential virucidal effects of UV-C irradiation on SARS-CoV-2 were experimentally evaluated for different illumination doses and virus concentrations (1000, 5, 0.05 MOI). At a density comparable to that observed in infection, an dose just 3.7 mJ/cm 2 was sufficient achieve more than 3-log inactivation without any sign viral replication. Moreover, complete at all with 16.9 . These results could explain the epidemiological trends COVID-19 are important development novel sterilizing methods...
Solar UV$-$C photons do not reach Earth's surface, but are known to be endowed with germicidal properties that also effective on viruses. The effect of softer UV$-$B and UV$-$A photons, which copiously the viruses instead little studied, particularly single$-$stranded RNA Here we combine our measurements action spectrum Covid$-$19 in response UV light, irradiation Earth during SARS$-$CoV$-$2 pandemics, worldwide recorded mortality data 'Solar$-$Pump' diffusive model epidemics show (a)...
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to rage worldwide, emergence of numerous variants concern (VOC) represents a challenge for vaccinal protective efficacy and reliability commercially available high-throughput immunoassays. Our study demonstrates administration two doses BNT162b2 vaccine that elicited robust SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response which was assessed up 3 months after full vaccination in cohort 37 health care workers (HCWs). antibody response, evaluated by four...