A5011056707- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Sexual function and dysfunction studies
- Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
University of Oxford
2016-2025
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
2019-2025
Warneford Hospital
2013-2024
TU Dresden
2006-2010
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
2006
Acute administration of an antidepressant increases positive affective processing in healthy volunteers, effect that may be relevant to the therapeutic actions these medications. The authors investigated whether this is apparent depressed patients early treatment, prior changes mood and symptoms.In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-groups randomized design, examined single 4-mg dose norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine on emotional processing. Thirty-three were recruited...
Anxiety patients exhibit attentional biases toward threat, which have often been demonstrated as increased distractibility by threatening stimuli. In contrast, speeded detection of threat has rarely shown. Therefore, the authors studied both phenomena in 3 versions a visual search task while eye movements were recorded continuously. Spider-fearful individuals and nonanxious control participants participated target task, an odd-one-out category task. Evidence for disorder-specific distraction...
Updating beliefs in changing environments can be driven by gradually adapting expectations or relying on inferred hidden states (i.e. contexts), and changes therein. Previous work suggests that increased reliance context could underly fear relapse phenomena hinder clinical treatment of anxiety disorders. We test whether trait variations a healthy population influence how much individuals rely hidden-state inference. In Pavlovian learning task, participants observed cues predicted an upcoming...
Background Short-term antidepressant administration has been reported to decrease amygdala response threat in healthy volunteers and depressed patients. Neuroticism (N) is a risk factor for depression but also associated with slow or incomplete remission drug treatment. Our aim was investigate early selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) neural effects on implicit processing of fearful facial expressions high levels N. Method Highly neurotic subjects received 20 mg/day citalopram...
Neuroimaging studies in anorexia nervosa (AN) suggest that altered food reward processing may result from dysfunction both limbic and cortical control centers of the brain. This fMRI study aimed to index neural correlates a subsample individuals with restrictive AN: twelve currently ill, fourteen recovered sixteen healthy controls. Participants were shown pictures high low-calorie foods asked evaluate how much they wanted eat each one following four hour fast. Whole-brain task-activated...
Abstract Impairments in emotion regulation are thought to have a key role the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, but neurobiological underpinnings contributing vulnerability remain poorly understood. It has been long-held view that exaggerated fear is linked hyperresponsivity limbic brain areas and impaired recruitment prefrontal control. However, increasing evidence suggests prefrontal–cortical networks hyperactive during threat processing disorders. This study directly explored...
The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is implicated in various cognitive processes relevant to anxiety. However, the role of RAS pattern separation, a hippocampal memory mechanism that enables discrete encoding similar stimuli, unclear. Given proposed this overgeneralization and maintenance anxiety, we explored influence on mnemonic discrimination i.e., behavioral ability arising from separation. In double-blind experimental medicine trial, examined effect losartan, an receptor blocker, N = 60...
Depressed mood is associated with making negatively biased interpretations of ambiguous everyday events. Experimental modification towards a more optimistic interpretation has become focus recent research. However, to date, no measures exist that have been tested respect their psychometric properties justify repeated administration capture change. We aimed develop and evaluate pragmatic assessment instrument, consisting 30-item questionnaire (long version) two 15-item parallel short versions...
Objective: Threat-related attention bias figures prominently in contemporary accounts of the maintenance anxiety disorders, yet longitudinal intervention research relating to symptom severity is limited.Capitalizing on recent advances conceptualization and measurement bias, we aimed examine relation between indexed using trial-level scores (TLBS) quantify temporal dynamics reflecting dysregulation attentional processing threat (as opposed aggregated mean scores) social over course cognitive...
Seven experiments explore the role of bottlenecks in selective attention and access to visual short-term memory failure observers identify clearly visible changes otherwise stable displays. Experiment One shows that fail register a color change an object even if they are cued location by transient at as is occurring. Two same for orientation change. In Experiments Three Four, directed specific objects prior making those objects. Observers have only very limited status recently attended...
Background Negative cognitive bias and aberrant neural processing of emotional faces are trait-marks depression. Yet it is unclear whether these changes constitute an endophenotype for depression also present in healthy individuals with hereditary risk Method Thirty healthy, never-depressed monozygotic (MZ) twins a co-twin history (high group: n = 13) or without (low-risk 17) were enrolled functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. During fMRI, participants viewed fearful happy...
Background Current models of breathlessness often fail to explain disparities between patients' experiences and objective measures lung function. While a mechanistic understanding this discordance has thus far remained elusive, factors such as mood, attention expectation have all been implicated important modulators breathlessness. Therefore, we developed model better understand the relationships these using unsupervised machine learning techniques. Subsequently examined how...
Negative interpretation is thought to be crucial in the development and maintenance of depression. Recently developed cognitive bias modification paradigms, intending change these biases towards a more optimistic tendency (CBM-I), seem offer new promising implications for therapy innovation. This study aimed increase our knowledge underlying mechanisms action imagery-based CBM-I context depressed mood. We therefore compared efficacy requiring participants imagine standardized positive...
Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Major Depressive (MDD) show between-group comorbidity symptom overlap, within-group heterogeneity. Resting state functional connectivity might provide an alternate, biologically informed means by which to stratify patients GAD or MDD. magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 23 adults GAD, 21 MDD, 27 healthy adult control participants. We investigated whether within- between-network indices five resting networks predicted scores...