Elaine Borg
A5030369203- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Soft tissue tumor case studies
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Renal cell carcinoma treatment
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Global Health and Surgery
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Diverticular Disease and Complications
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Surgical site infection prevention
- Sympathectomy and Hyperhidrosis Treatments
University College London
2015-2025
Royal London Hospital
2020-2025
University of Edinburgh
2024
University College Hospital
2014-2022
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur, de l'Informatique et de l'Imagerie
2022
NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre
2021
University of Birmingham
2021
Yorkshire Cancer Research
2021
Urology Foundation
2021
Association for Cancer Surgery
2021
Among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), data on intratumor heterogeneity and genome evolution have been limited to small retrospective cohorts. We wanted prospectively investigate in relation clinical outcome determine the clonal nature of driver events evolutionary processes early-stage NSCLC.
Immune evasion is a hallmark of cancer. Losing the ability to present neoantigens through human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loss may facilitate immune evasion. However, polymorphic nature locus has precluded accurate HLA copy-number analysis. Here, we heterozygosity in (LOHHLA), computational tool determine allele-specific copy number from sequencing data. Using LOHHLA, find that LOH occurs 40% non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and associated with high subclonal neoantigen burden,...
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global priority not fully understood. We quantified burden SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries all parts world.
CD25 is expressed at high levels on regulatory T (Treg) cells and was initially proposed as a target for cancer immunotherapy. However, anti-CD25 antibodies have displayed limited activity against established tumors. We demonstrated that expression largely restricted to tumor-infiltrating Treg in mice humans. While existing were observed deplete the periphery, upregulation of inhibitory Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) IIb tumor site prevented intra-tumoral cell depletion, which may underlie lack...
ADAPTeR is a prospective, phase II study of nivolumab (anti-PD-1) in 15 treatment-naive patients (115 multiregion tumor samples) with metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) aiming to understand the mechanism underpinning therapeutic response. Genomic analyses show no correlation between molecular features and response, whereas ccRCC-specific human endogenous retrovirus expression indirectly correlates clinical T receptor (TCR) analysis reveals significantly higher number expanded TCR...
Abstract B cells are frequently found in the margins of solid tumours as organized follicles ectopic lymphoid organs called tertiary structures (TLS) 1,2 . Although TLS have been to correlate with improved patient survival and response immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), underlying mechanisms this association remain elusive Here we investigate lung-resident cell responses patients from TRACERx 421 (Tracking Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Evolution Through Therapy) other lung cancer cohorts, a...
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) of the lung represents an extremely rare type inflammatory pseudo tumor that appears most commonly in children and young individuals. There has been ongoing controversy whether IMT is a reactive lesion or true neoplasm making further management challenging. Purpose paper through literature review to highlight existence this along with its key features options available.
Although thousands of solid tumors have been sequenced to date, a fundamental under-sampling bias is inherent in current methodologies. This caused by tissue sample input fixed dimensions (e.g., 6 mm biopsy), which becomes grossly under-powered as tumor volume scales. Here, we demonstrate representative sequencing (Rep-Seq) new method achieve unbiased sampling. Rep-Seq uses residual material, homogenized and subjected next-generation sequencing. Analysis intratumor mutation burden (TMB)...
Abstract Human tumors are diverse in their natural history and response to treatment, which part results from genetic transcriptomic heterogeneity. In clinical practice, single-site needle biopsies used sample this diversity, but cancer biomarkers may be confounded by spatiogenomic heterogeneity within individual tumors. Here we investigate clonally expressed genes as a solution the sampling bias problem analyzing multiregion whole-exome RNA sequencing data for 450 tumor regions 184 patients...
Abstract Background Wire localization is historically the most common method for guiding excision of non-palpable breast lesions, but there are limitations to technique. Newer technologies such as magnetic seeds may allow some these challenges be overcome. The aim was compare safety and effectiveness wire seed techniques. Methods Women undergoing standard or lesions between August 2018 2020 were recruited prospectively this IDEAL stage 2a/2b platform cohort study. primary outcome defined...
Introduction Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there a lack data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate incidence associations between morbidity across human development settings. Methods A multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty...
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare low-grade vascular neoplasm that can arise in the lung, liver, soft tissues or, less commonly, bone. Due to its low prevalence of than one million and non-specific clinical features, EHE often misdiagnosed managed inappropriately. Here we discuss case 58 year-old gentleman with mediastinal review existing literature on pulmonary (PEH).A presented our outpatient Clinic chest discomfort palpitations. A whole-body FDG-CT-PET showed an FDG-avid...
Acute hepatitis B (AHB) is a self-limiting condition in more than 95% of cases. Treatment however recommended patients with severe AHB (<1% cases), aiming to prevent liver failure and death. Various nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) have been found be effective AHB, although NA-resistant strains causing also recently reported. The use tenofovir this setting has only reported once favorable outcome. We hereby report 47-year-old treatment-naïve male, who developed was treated lamivudine (LMV)....
Pulmonary carcinosarcoma represents a category of extremely rare tumours accounting for 0.1% all lung malignancies. It is defined as poorly differentiated non-small-cell carcinoma that contains component sarcoma or sarcoma-like elements. These biphasic typically have poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and early metastases. Preoperative tissue usually difficult the heterogeneity tumour, with biopsies often just reflecting one element tumour. By means case illustration review literature, we...
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is an uncommon genetic disorder associated with cell injury. This injury caused in most cases by inactivating mutations SLC34A2 gene, which responsible for the production of a sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter. The dysfunction or deficiency this transporter leads to aggregation local intra-alveolarly and formation microliths. Most patients are asymptomatic at time diagnosis but as disease progress it fatal respiratory cardiac failure. We...
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory condition that can affect practically every organ. Although it was first identified in pancreas and salivary glands, major organs like liver, biliary tree, kidney, thyroid glands lungs are commonly involved, sometimes resulting organ failure. We describe case of an 41-year-old man presented with back pain after rotator cuff injury. A Computed Tomography (CT) revealed incidentally right lower lobe paravertebral lesion extending across the...
Antigen recognition and T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains incompletely understood. To address this knowledge gap, we analysed 115 multiregion tumour samples collected from 15 treatment-naïve patients pre- post-nivolumab therapy, at autopsy three patients. We performed whole-exome sequencing, RNAseq, TCRseq, multiplex immunofluorescence flow cytometry analyses correlated with clinical response. observed pre-treatment intratumoural TCR clonal...
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive, and incurable cancer arising from the mesothelial lining of pleura, with few available treatment options. We recently reported that loss function nuclear deubiquitinase BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1), frequent event in MPM, associated sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis. As potential underlying mechanism, here we report BAP1 negatively regulates expression TRAIL...