Mehrdad Arjomandi
A5051483297- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Gut microbiota and health
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
University of California, San Francisco
2015-2024
San Francisco VA Medical Center
2015-2024
San Francisco VA Health Care System
2021-2024
University of California System
2011-2022
Government of the United States of America
2021
The University of Adelaide
2021
Defence Science and Technology Group
2021
San Francisco General Hospital
2005-2020
Advanced ENT and Allergy
2020
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2015
Microbial metabolites produced by the gut microbiome, e.g. short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), have been found to influence lung physiology and injury responses. However, how immune activity is regulated SCFA unknown. We examined fresh human tissue observed presence of with interindividual variability. In vitro, were capable modifying metabolic programming in LPS-exposed alveolar macrophages (AM). hypothesized that tone could be defined baseline detection intracellular IL-1β. Therefore, we...
Many persons with a history of smoking tobacco have clinically significant respiratory symptoms despite an absence airflow obstruction as assessed by spirometry. They are often treated medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but supporting evidence this treatment is lacking.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is variable in its development. Lung microbiota and metabolites collectively may impact COPD pathophysiology, but relationships to clinical outcomes milder are unclear.
The airway microbiome has the potential to shape chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, but its relationship outcomes in milder is unestablished.
BackgroundThere is growing evidence for the role of oxidative damage in chronic diseases. Although ozone (O3) an oxidant pollutant to which many people are exposed, few studies have examined whether O3 induces stress humans.ObjectivesThis study was designed assess effect short-and long-term exposures on biomarkers healthy individuals.MethodsBiomarkers lipid peroxidation, 8-isoprostane (8-iso-PGF), and antioxidant capacity ferric reducing ability plasma (FRAP) were analyzed two groups college...
Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to ozone increases cardiovascular morbidity. However, the specific biological mechanisms mediating ozone-associated effects are unknown. To determine whether short-term ambient levels of causes changes in biomarkers disease including heart rate variability (HRV), systemic inflammation, and coagulability, 26 subjects were exposed 0, 100, 200 ppb random order for 4 h with intermittent exercise. HRV was measured blood samples obtained immediately...
Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by fixed spirometric ratio, FEV1/FVC < 0.70 after inhaled bronchodilators. However, the implications of variable obstruction (VO), in which prebronchodilator ratio less than but increases to or more bronchodilators, have not been determined. Objectives: We explored differences physiology, exacerbations, and health status participants with VO compared reference without obstruction. Methods: Data from SPIROMICS (Subpopulations...
Acute respiratory effects of low-level ozone exposure are not well defined in older adults.MOSES (The Multicenter Ozone Study Older Subjects), although primarily focused on acute cardiovascular effects, provided an opportunity to assess responses low concentrations healthy adults.We performed a randomized crossover, controlled study 87 adults (59.9 ± 4.5 yr old; 60% female) 0, 70, and 120 ppb for 3 hours with intermittent exercise. Outcome measures included spirometry, sputum markers airway...
Introduction Cigarette smoking by surgical patients is associated with increased complications. E-cigarettes have emerged as a potential cessation tool. We sought to determine the feasibility and acceptability of e-cigarettes, compared nicotine patch, for perioperative in veterans. Methods Preoperative were randomized either patch group ( n = 10) or e-cigarette 20). Both groups given free 6-week supply tapering dose. All received brief counseling, brochure on cessation, referral California...
The role of PI (protease inhibitor) type Z heterozygotes and additional rare variant genotypes in the gene encoding alpha-1 antitrypsin,
The evidence that exposure to ozone air pollution causes acute cardiovascular effects is mixed. We postulated ambient levels of would increase blood markers systemic inflammation, prothrombotic state, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction in healthy older subjects, absence the glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) gene confer increased susceptibility. This double-blind, randomized, crossover study 87 volunteers 55–70 years age was conducted at three sites using a common protocol....
Background: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is central to the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but imprecise classifying burden. We examined potential maximal mid-expiratory flow rate (forced between 25% and 75% [FEF2
United States veterans represent an important population to study sarcoidosis. Their unique history of environmental exposures, wide geographic distribution, and long-term enrollment in a single integrated healthcare system provides unparalleled opportunity understand the incidence, prevalence, risk factors for
Importance People who smoked cigarettes may experience respiratory symptoms without spirometric airflow obstruction. These individuals are typically excluded from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) trials and lack evidence-based therapies. Objective To define the natural history of persons with tobacco exposure preserved spirometry (TEPS) (symptomatic TEPS). Design, Setting, Participants SPIROMICS II was an extension I, a multicenter study aged 40 to 80 years (&amp;gt;20...
Abstract As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread worldwide, tractable primary airway cell models that recapitulate the cell-intrinsic response arising viral variants are needed. Here we describe an adult stem cell-derived human organoid model overexpressing ACE2 receptor (ACE2-OE) supports robust replication while maintaining 3D architecture and cellular diversity of epithelium. ACE2-OE organoids were infected with subjected single-cell RNA-sequencing. Interferon-lambda was upregulated in cells...
Airway obstruction is a hallmark of allergic asthma and caused primarily by airway smooth muscle (ASM) hypercontractility. inflammation leads to the release cytokines that enhance ASM contraction increasing ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) activity. The protective mechanisms prevent or attenuate increase in RhoA activity have not been well studied. Here, we report mice lacking encodes protein Milk Fat Globule-EGF factor 8 ( Mfge8 −/− ) develop exaggerated hyperresponsiveness...
The characteristics that predict progression to overt chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in smokers without spirometric airflow obstruction are not clearly defined. We conducted a post hoc analysis of 849 current and former (≥20 pack–years) with preserved spirometry from the Subpopulations Intermediate Outcome Measures COPD Study (SPIROMICS) cohort who had baseline computed tomography (CT) scans lungs serial spirometry. examined whether CT-derived lung volumes representing air...
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses a large burden on health care. Severe COPD exacerbations require emergency department visits or inpatient stays, often cause an irreversible decline in lung function and status, account for 90.3% of the total medical cost related to COPD. Many severe are deemed preventable with appropriate outpatient Current models predicting lack accuracy, making it difficult effectively target patients at high risk preventive care management...
<h3>Importance</h3> Sickle cell trait (SCT), defined as the presence of 1 hemoglobin beta sickle allele (rs334-T) and normal allele, is prevalent in millions people US, particularly individuals African Hispanic ancestry. However, association SCT with COVID-19 unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess prepandemic health conditions participants Million Veteran Program (MVP) to severity sequelae COVID-19. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> clinical data include 2729 persons SCT, whom 353 had...
Objectives. This study sought to determine whether the alterations in vascular function and structure after balloon injury hypercholesterolemic rabbits could be inhibited by dietary arginine. Background. Administration of arginine (the nitric oxide [NO] precursor) restores NO activity animals. We other investigators have shown that enhancement can inhibit myointimal hyperplasia normocholesterolemic Methods. Twenty-eight New Zealand White received either normal rabbit chow, 0.5% cholesterol...