Noam Chayut
A5005817137- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Agricultural Practices and Plant Genetics
- Pineapple and bromelain studies
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
Rothamsted Research
2024
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2024
University of Bristol
2024
Norwich Research Park
2021-2024
John Innes Centre
2019-2024
Agricultural Research Organization
2015-2023
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
2015-2016
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2010-2014
Summary The flesh color of Cucumis melo (melon) is genetically determined, and can be white, light green or orange, with β–carotene being the predominant pigment. We associated carotenoid accumulation in melon fruit polymorphism within CmOr , a homolog cauliflower BoOr gene, identified as previously described gf locus melon. was found to co‐segregate color, presented two haplotypes (alleles) broad germplasm collection, one orange second either white flesh. Allelic variation does not affect...
Abstract Aegilops tauschii , the diploid wild progenitor of D subgenome bread wheat, is a reservoir genetic diversity for improving wheat performance and environmental resilience. Here we sequenced 242 Ae. accessions compared them to characterize genomic diversity. We found that rare lineage geographically restricted present-day Georgia contributed in independent hybridizations gave rise modern wheat. Through k -mer-based association mapping, identified discrete regions with candidate genes...
Abstract Harnessing genetic diversity in major staple crops through the development of new breeding capabilities is essential to ensure food security 1 . Here we examined and phenotypic A. E. Watkins landrace collection 2 bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), a global cereal, by whole-genome re-sequencing 827 landraces 208 modern cultivars in-depth field evaluation spanning decade. We found that are derived from two seven ancestral groups maintain very long-range haplotype integrity. The...
β-Carotene adds nutritious value and determines the color of many fruits, including melon (Cucumis melo). In mesocarp, β-carotene accumulation is governed by Orange gene (CmOr) golden single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) through a yet to be discovered mechanism. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), OR increases carotenoid levels posttranscriptionally regulating phytoene synthase (PSY). Here, we identified CmOr nonsense mutation (Cmor-lowβ) that lowered fruit with impaired chromoplast...
Carotenoids are crucial for plant growth and human health. The finding of ORANGE (OR) protein as a pivotal regulator carotenogenesis offers unique opportunity to comprehensively understand the regulatory mechanisms carotenoid accumulation develop crops with enhanced nutritional quality. Here, we demonstrated that alteration single amino acid in wild-type OR greatly its ability promote accumulation. Whereas overexpression from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; AtOR) or agronomically...
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally dominant crop and major source of calories proteins for the human diet. Compared with its wild ancestors, modern bread shows lower genetic diversity, caused by polyploidisation, domestication breeding bottlenecks
Plant and inflorescence architecture determine the yield potential of crops. Breeders have harnessed natural diversity for to improve yields, induced genetic variation could provide further gains. Wheat is a vital source protein calories; however, little known about genes that regulate development its inflorescence. Here, we report identification semidominant alleles class III homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factor, HOMEOBOX DOMAIN-2 (HB-2), on wheat A D subgenomes, which generate...
Melon fruit flesh color is primarily controlled by the "golden" single nucleotide polymorhism of "Orange" gene, CmOr, which dominantly triggers accumulation pro-vitamin A molecule, β-carotene, in mesocarp. The mechanism CmOr operates not fully understood. To identify cellular and metabolic processes associated with allelic variation, we compared transcriptome bulks developing homozygous orange green fruited F3 families derived from a cross between parental lines. Pooling together that share...
Abstract Carotenoids, such as β-carotene, accumulate in chromoplasts of various fleshy fruits, awarding them with colors, aromas, and nutrients. The Orange ( CmOr ) gene controls β-carotene accumulation melon fruit by posttranslationally enhancing carotenogenesis repressing turnover chromoplasts. Carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO) isomerizes yellow prolycopene into red lycopene, a prerequisite for further metabolism β-carotene. We comparatively analyzed the developing transcriptomes...
Chromoplasts are plant organelles with a unique ability to sequester and store massive carotenoids. have been hypothesized enable high levels of carotenoid accumulation due enhanced sequestration or substructure formation. However, the regulators that control component formation in chromoplasts remain unknown. In melon (Cucumis melo) fruit, β-carotene is governed by ORANGE (OR), key regulator for chromoplasts. By using comparative proteomic analysis variety its isogenic line low-β mutant...
Abstract Wheat is an important source of minerals for human nutrition and increasing grain mineral content can contribute to reducing deficiencies. Here, we identify QTLs micronutrients in wheat by determining the contents six a total eleven sample sets three biparental populations from crosses between A.E. Watkins landraces cv. Paragon. Twenty-three are mapped two or more sets, with LOD scores above five at least one set alleles sixteen being present seven Of these QTLs, number each varies...
Different organisms use gradual seasonal changes in photoperiod to correctly time diverse developmental processes, such as transition flowering plants. Florigen is a systemic signal formed leaves exposed specific environmental cues, mainly photoperiodic, and capable of triggering flower induction several species. Here we show that Passiflora edulis, perennial climbing vine, initiation occurs throughout the year; however, without long photoperiods, primordia arrested growth differentiation at...
Unusually hot ambient temperatures (HAT) can cause pre-anthesis abortion of flowers in many diverse species, limiting crop production. This limitation is becoming more substantial with climate change. Flower primordia passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) vines exposed to HAT summers, normally abort. also be triggered by gibberellin application. We screened for, and identified a genotype capable reaching anthesis during summer as well controlled conditions, resistant gibberellin. Leaves...
Central to the diversity of wheat products was origin hexaploid bread wheat, which added D-genome Aegilops tauschii tetraploid giving rise superior dough properties in leavened breads. The polyploidization, however, imposed a genetic bottleneck, with only limited introduced D-subgenome. To understand variants for quality, we sequenced 273 accessions spanning known Ae. tauschii. We discovered 45 haplotypes Glu-D1, major determinant relative two predominant wheat. allele 2 + 12 found Lineage...
Abstract Breeding crops resilient to climate change is urgently needed help ensure food security. A key challenge harness genetic diversity optimise adaptation, yield, stress resilience and nutrition. We examined the phenotypic of A.E. Watkins landrace collection bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), a major global cereal, through whole-genome re-sequencing (827 landraces 208 modern cultivars) in-depth field evaluation spanning decade. discovered that cultivars are derived from just two seven...
Abstract Genomic resources are becoming available for Pisum but to link these phenotypic diversity requires well marked populations segregating relevant traits. Here we describe two such resources. Two recombinant inbred populations, derived from wide crosses in described. One high resolution mapping population involves cv Caméor, which the first pea whole genome assembly was obtained, crossed JI0281, a basally divergent P. sativum landrace Ethiopia. The other is an inter sub-specific cross...
ABSTRACT Pea, Pisum sativum , is an excellent model system through which Gregor Mendel established the foundational principles of inheritance. Surprisingly, till today, molecular nature genetic differences underlying seven pairs contrasting traits that studied in detail remains partially understood. Here, we present a genomic and phenotypic variation map, coupled with haplotype-phenotype association analyses across wide range global diversity panel. We focus on genomics-enabled dissection...
The taxonomy of the Fabeae (Vicieae) has long been problematic, but an analysis by Schaefer et al in 2012 gave exceptionally clear view tribe and noted possibility that some nomenclatural adjustments may be required at future date. These authors suggested several options, expressing preferences. However, there a recent change to formally accepted names implementing one these possibilities, without any additional relevant information. This seems unjustified unhelpful. We therefore present...
<title>Abstract</title> Wheat is an important source of mineral micronutrients for humans and livestock. We therefore grew three biparental populations developed from crosses between the spring cultivar Paragon landraces originating about 100 years ago under multiple environments analysed grain minerals including six which are often deficient in diets (calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc) livestock (copper). A total 774 QTLs grain, straw calculated biomass were identified reduced to 23...
<title>Abstract</title> Pea, Pisum sativum, is an excellent model system through which Gregor Mendel established the foundational principles of inheritance. Surprisingly, till today, molecular nature genetic differences underlying seven pairs contrasting traits that studied in detail remains partially understood. Here, we present a genomic and phenotypic variation map, coupled with haplotype-phenotype association analyses across wide range global diversity panel. We focus on genomics-enabled...
The taxonomy of the tribe Fabeae (Vicieae) has long been problematic, but an analysis by Schaefer et al. in 2012 gave exceptionally clear view and noted possibility that some nomenclatural adjustments may be required at future date. These authors suggested several options, expressing preferences. However, there a recent change to formally accepted names, implementing one these possibilities, without any additional relevant information. This seems unjustified unhelpful. We therefore present...
Abstract Aegilops tauschii, the diploid wild progenitor of D-subgenome bread wheat, constitutes a reservoir genetic diversity for improving wheat performance and environmental resilience. To better define understand this diversity, we sequenced 242 Ae. tauschii accessions compared them to D-subgenome. We characterized rare, geographically-restricted lineage discovered that it contributed D-subgenome, thereby elucidating origin from at least two independent hybridizations. then used k...