Rajiv Dhir
A5026903972- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
- Renal cell carcinoma treatment
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Renal and related cancers
- Urinary and Genital Oncology Studies
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
University of Pittsburgh
2015-2024
Shadyside Hospital
2006-2024
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
2015-2024
UPMC Hillman Cancer Center
2008-2020
UPMC Health System
2015-2020
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
2019
Emory University
2019
Winship Cancer Institute
2019
Leidos (United States)
2019
National Cancer Institute
2019
<h2>Summary</h2> Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of cancer. Here, we describe genomic landscape 496 PTCs. We observed a low frequency somatic alterations (relative to other carcinomas) and extended set known PTC driver include <i>EIF1AX</i>, <i>PPM1D</i>, <i>CHEK2</i> diverse gene fusions. These discoveries reduced fraction cases with unknown oncogenic from 25% 3.5%. Combined analyses variants, expression, methylation demonstrated that different groups lead...
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive subtype of that most commonly evolves from preexisting adenocarcinoma (PCA). Using Next Generation RNA-sequencing and oligonucleotide arrays, we profiled 7 NEPC, 30 PCA, 5 benign tissue (BEN), validated findings on tumors a large cohort patients (37 169 22 BEN) using IHC FISH. We discovered significant overexpression gene amplification AURKA MYCN in 40% NEPC 5% respectively, evidence they cooperate to induce neuroendocrine phenotype...
The incidence of prostate cancer is frequent, occurring in almost one-third men older than 45 years. Only a fraction the cases reach stages displaying clinical significance. Despite advances our understanding carcinogenesis and disease progression, knowledge this still fragmented. Identification genes patterns gene expression will provide more cohesive picture biology.In study, we performed comprehensive analysis on 152 human samples including tissues, tissues adjacent to tumor, organ donor...
Prostate cancer is characterized by heterogeneity in the clinical course that often does not correlate with morphologic features of tumor. Metastasis reflects most adverse outcome prostate cancer, and to date there are no reliable or serum biomarkers can reliably predict which patients at higher risk developing metastatic disease. Understanding differences biology organ confined primary tumors essential for new prognostic markers therapeutic targets.Using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays,...
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung characterized by abnormal cellular responses to cigarette smoke, resulting in tissue destruction and airflow limitation. Autophagy degradative process involving lysosomal turnover of components, though its role human diseases remains unclear. Methodology Principal Findings Increased autophagy was observed from COPD patients, as indicated electron microscopic analysis, well increased activation autophagic proteins...
Rationale: The molecular mechanisms underlying acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are poorly understood. We studied the global gene expression signature IPF.Objectives: To understand patterns IPF.Methods: RNA was extracted from 23 stable IPF lungs, 8 lungs with exacerbation (IPF-AEx), and 15 control used for hybridization on Agilent microarrays. Functional analysis genes performed Spotfire Genomica. Gene validations MMP1, MMP7, AGER, DEFA1–3, COL1A2, CCNA2 were by...
BackgroundThere is high demand to develop computer-assisted diagnostic tools evaluate prostate core needle biopsies (CNBs), but little clinical validation and a lack of deployment such tools. We report here on blinded study an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm in pathology laboratory for routine use aid diagnosis.MethodsAn AI-based was developed using haematoxylin eosin (H&E)-stained slides CNBs digitised with Philips scanner, which were divided into training (1 357 480 image...
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), also referred to as anaplastic cancer, is a lethal tumor that most commonly arises in late stages of adenocarcinoma (PCA) with predilection metastasize visceral organs. In the current study, we explore for evidence Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and N-myc (MYCN) gene abnormalities are harbingers treatment-related NEPC (t-NEPC). We studied primary tissue from 15 hormone naïve PCAs, 51 castration-resistant cancers, metastatic tumors 72 patients at different...
Abstract Prostate cancer is a biologically heterogeneous disease with considerable variation in clinical aggressiveness. The behavior of prostate can be considered direct or indirect result aberrant alterations gene expression epithelial cells. Identification the patterns gene‐expression that are related to aggressiveness cancers will greatly assist development tools for early detection poor outcome and identification targets future therapeutic intervention. To detect cancers, we performed...
Talin1 is a focal adhesion complex protein that regulates integrin interactions with ECM. This study investigated the significance of talin1 in prostate cancer progression to metastasis vitro and vivo. overexpression enhanced cell adhesion, migration, invasion by activating survival signals conferring resistance anoikis. ShRNA-mediated loss led significant suppression migration transendothelial inhibition Talin1-regulated via phosphorylation proteins, such as kinase Src, downstream...
Current prognostic factors are poor at identifying patients risk of disease recurrence after surgery for stage II colon cancer. Here we describe a DNA microarray-based assay using clinically relevant formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples.A gene signature was developed from balanced set 73 with recurrent (high risk) and 142 no (low within 5 years surgery.The 634-probe identified high-risk hazard ratio (HR) 2.62 (P < .001) during cross validation the training set. In an independent...
Abstract Purpose: Steroid hormones and growth factors affect lung cancer, it is possible they act in concert to influence patient outcome. Experimental Design: Primary tumors normal tissue were analyzed for expression localization of estrogen receptor α β-1 (ERα ERβ), aromatase, progesterone (PR), epidermal factor (EGFR). Results: Tumors expressed higher levels ERβ compared matched lung, whereas the reverse was true PR. High cytoplasmic identified as an independent negative prognostic...
Abstract The attachment of circulating tumor cells to the blood vessels distant organs is an important step in metastasis. We show here that experimental lung metastasis by two cell lines, B16F1 melanoma and 3LL carcinoma, greatly reduced transgenic mice lack plasma fibronectin. This multifunctional adhesive glycoprotein becomes cross-linked fibrin during clotting. Here, we report eliminating fibronectin from circulation reverses prometastatic effects clotting integrin αvβ3. In vitro studies...
Abstract Background Carcinoma cells must circumvent the normally suppressive signals to disseminate. While often considered 'stop' for adherent cells, CXCR3-binding chemokines have recently been correlated positively with cancer progression though molecular basis remains unclear. Results Here, we examined expression and function of two CXCR3 variants in human prostate biopsies cell lines. Globally, both mRNA protein were elevated localized metastatic compared normal. Additionally, CXCR3A...
Non-clear cell renal carcinomas (non-ccRCCs) encompass diverse malignant and benign tumors. Refinement of differential diagnosis biomarkers, markers for early prognosis aggressive disease, therapeutic targets to complement immunotherapy are current clinical needs. Multi-omics analyses 48 non-ccRCCs compared with 103 ccRCCs reveal proteogenomic, phosphorylation, glycosylation, metabolic aberrations in RCC subtypes. RCCs high genome instability display overexpression IGF2BP3 PYCR1. Integration...
Typical high throughput microarrays experiments compare gene expression across two specimen classes - an experimental class and baseline (or comparison) class. The choice of is a major factor in the differential patterns revealed by these experiments. In most studies prostate cancer, histologically malignant tissue chosen as while normal appearing adjacent to tumor (adjacent normal) against which comparison made. However, from free organ donors represents alterative source for studies.