A5034571958- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- interferon and immune responses
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immune Response and Inflammation
Institut Pasteur
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2014-2024
Université Paris Cité
2018-2024
Department of Virology
2009-2024
Hôpital Saint-Louis
2022
Garvan Institute of Medical Research
2020
St Vincent's Clinic
2020
UNSW Sydney
2020
Hôtel-Dieu de Paris
2018
Inserm
2013-2015
Significance Identifying the drivers of interindividual diversity human immune system is crucial to understand their consequences on immune-mediated diseases. By examining transcriptional responses 1,000 individuals various microbial challenges, we show that age and sex influence expression many immune-related genes, but effects are overall moderate, whereas genetic factors affect a smaller gene set with stronger effect. We identify numerous variants variation infection, which associated...
Abstract Individuals differ widely in their immune responses, with age, sex and genetic factors having major roles this inherent variability 1–6 . However, the variables that drive such differences cytokine secretion—a crucial component of host response to challenges—remain poorly defined. Here we investigated 136 identified smoking, cytomegalovirus latent infection body mass index as contributors response, effects comparable magnitudes genetics. We find smoking influences both innate...
Human coronaviruses are associated with upper respiratory tract infections that occasionally spread to the lungs and other organs. Although airway epithelial cells represent an important target for infection, epithelium is also composed of elaborate network dendritic (DCs) essential sentinels immune system, sensing pathogens presenting foreign antigens T lymphocytes. In this report, we show in vitro infection by human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) induces massive cytopathic effects DCs,...
Searching for stimulators of the innate antiviral response is an appealing approach to develop novel therapeutics against viral infections. Here, we established a cell-based reporter assay identify compounds stimulating expression interferon-inducible genes. DD264 was selected out 41,353 both its immuno-stimulatory and properties. While searching mode action, identified as inhibitor pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. This metabolic pathway recently prime target broad-spectrum molecules, but...
Virus-like particles pseudotyped with heterologous viral envelopes stimulate broadly cross-neutralizing antibodies against HCV.
Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have considerably impacted human developmental biology and regenerative medicine, notably because they circumvent the use of embryonic origin offer potential to generate patient-specific cells. However, conventional reprogramming protocols produce developmentally advanced, or primed, iPSCs (hiPSCs), restricting their post-implantation development modeling. Hence, there is a need for hiPSCs resembling preimplantation naive epiblast. Here, we...
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that has been responsible for an epidemic outbreak of unprecedented magnitude in recent years. Since then, significant efforts have made to better understand the biology this virus, but we still poor knowledge CHIKV interactions with host cell components at molecular level. Here describe extensive use high-throughput yeast two-hybrid (HT-Y2H) assays characterize between and human proteins. A total 22 high-confidence interactions,...
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are antigen-presenting specialized in antiviral response. The measles virus vaccine is proposed as an antitumor agent to target and specifically kill tumor without infecting healthy cells.Here, we investigated, vitro, the effects of vaccine-infected on phenotype functions human pDC. We studied maturation antigen cross-presentation by pDC, exposed either alone, or UV-irradiated cells.We found that only induced pDC with a strong production IFN-α, whereas were...
The interplay between autophagy and intracellular pathogens is intricate as an essential cellular response to fight against infections, whereas numerous microbes have developed strategies escape this process or even exploit it their own benefit. fine tuned timing and/or selective molecular pathways involved in the induction of upon infections could be cornerstone allowing cells either control pathogens, invaded by them. We report here that measles virus infection induces successive...
Systems approaches for the study of immune signaling pathways have been traditionally based on purified cells or cultured lines. However, in vivo responses involve coordinated action multiple cell types, which interact to establish an inflammatory microenvironment. We employed standardized whole-blood stimulation systems test hypothesis that Toll-like receptor ligands whole microbes can be defined by transcriptional signatures key cytokines. found 44 genes, identified using Support Vector...
The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) play a major role in sensing RNA virus infection to initiate and modulate antiviral immunity. They interact with particular viral RNAs, most of them being still unknown. To decipher the signature on RLRs during infection, we tagged (RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2) applied protein affinity purification followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) associated molecules. Two viruses negative- positive-sense genome were used: measles (MV) chikungunya (CHIKV). NGS analysis...
To salvage marine ecosystems from fishery overexploitation, sustainable and efficient aquaculture must be emphasized. The knowledge obtained available genome sequence of organisms has accelerated in many cases. black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) is one the most prominent cultured penaeid shrimps (Crustacean) with an average annual global production half a million tons last decade. However, its currently assemblies lack contiguity completeness required for accurate annotation due to highly...
Epigenetic changes are required for normal development, yet the nature and respective contribution of factors that drive epigenetic variation in humans remain to be fully characterized. Here, we assessed how blood DNA methylome 884 adults is affected by sequence variation, age, sex 139 relating life habits immunity. Furthermore, investigated whether these effects mediated or not cellular composition, measured deep immunophenotyping. We show methylation differs substantially between naïve...
Live attenuated RNA viruses make highly efficient vaccines. Among them, measles virus (MV) vaccine has been given to a very large number of children and shown be efficacious safe. Therefore, this might promising vector immunize against both other infectious agents, such as human immunodeficiency virus. A was previously derived from the Edmonston B strain MV, abandoned 25 years ago. Sequence analysis revealed that genome diverges by 10 amino acid substitutions not related any subgroup. Here...
One of the most exciting recent developments in field retroviruses is finding that their Gag proteins hijack cellular from mutivesicular body (MVB) pathway during budding process. The oncoretroviruses possess a PPxY motif recruits ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 family, whereas those human immunodeficiency virus interact through PTAP with Tsg101, protein ESCRT-1 complex. It currently assumed and Tsg101 represent equivalent entry gates towards same process leading to budding, both partners are...
Abstract Despite conventional medical and surgical treatments, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains incurable. Oncovirotherapy (i.e., the use of replication-competent virus for cancer treatment) is currently explored in clinical trials. In this study, we investigated antineoplastic potential a new oncolytic viral agent, live-attenuated measles (MV) strain derived from Edmonston vaccine lineage (Schwarz strain). We evaluated both activity immunoadjuvant properties MV on tumor cells....
The Schwarz strain of measles virus (MV), a live attenuated RNA virus, is one the safest and most effective human vaccines available. Immunization with MV vaccine expressing heterologous antigen an attractive strategy to prevent emerging viral diseases. West Nile (WNV), which recently emerged in North America, important mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes numerous cases encephalitis, thus urging development vaccine. To evaluate efficacy recombinant for prevention WNV we constructed...