A5000777749- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
National Institute on Aging
2016-2025
National Institutes of Health
2016-2025
Institute on Aging
2011-2024
University of Baltimore
2019-2023
Government of the United States of America
2023
Oklahoma State University
2022
Spectrum Health
2021
National Institute on Drug Abuse
2007-2018
Johns Hopkins Medicine
1994-2016
Johns Hopkins University
1994-2016
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), released from gut endocrine L cells in response to glucose, regulates appetite, insulin secretion, and motility. How glucose given orally, but not systemically, induces GLP-1 secretion is unknown. We show that human duodenal express sweet taste receptors, the G protein gustducin, several other transduction elements. Mouse intestinal also alpha-gustducin. Ingestion of by alpha-gustducin null mice revealed deficiencies regulation plasma glucose. Isolated small...
Abstract Overall dietary energy intake, particularly the consumption of simple sugars such as fructose, has been increasing steadily in Western societies, but effects diets on brain are poorly understood. Here, we used functional and structural assays to characterize excessive caloric intake hippocampus, a region important for learning memory. Rats fed with high‐fat, high‐glucose diet supplemented high‐fructose corn syrup showed alterations lipid metabolism similar clinical diabetes,...
Purpose Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men. Men with recurrent or metastatic PCa are treated androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), resulting profound hypogonadism. Because male hypogonadism a risk factor for metabolic syndrome and men have high cardiovascular mortality, we evaluated prevalence undergoing long-term ADT. Patients Methods This was cross-sectional study. We 58 men, including 20 ADT at least 12 months (ADT group), 18 age-matched nonmetastatic who had...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous insulinotropic peptide secreted from the gastrointestinal tract in response to food intake. It enhances pancreatic islet beta-cell proliferation and glucose-dependent insulin secretion, lowers blood glucose intake patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A long-acting GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, exendin-4 (Ex-4), first of this new class antihyperglycemia drugs approved treat T2DM. GLP-1Rs are coupled cAMP second messenger pathway...
Glucose homeostasis in mammals is maintained by insulin secretion from the beta-cells of islets Langerhans. Type 2 diabetes results either primary beta-cell failure alone and/or a to secrete enough overcome resistance. Here, we show that continuous infusion glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) (GLP-1; an insulinotropic agent), young and old animals, had effects on pancreas other than simply secretory apparatus. Our previous studies rodent model glucose intolerance, aging Wistar rat, plateau islet...
Abstract Introduction It is unclear whether abnormalities in brain glucose homeostasis are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Methods Within the autopsy cohort of Baltimore Longitudinal Study Aging, we measured concentration and assessed ratios glycolytic amino acids, serine, glycine, alanine to glucose. We also quantified protein levels neuronal (GLUT3) astrocytic (GLUT1) transporters. Finally, relationships between plasma before death tissue Results Higher...
Abstract BACKGROUND Prostate carcinoma (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) used frequently treatment recurrent and metastatic PCa, rendering these men hypogonadal. Because male hypogonadism associated with an unfavorable metabolic profile, PCa have high cardiovascular mortality, authors evaluated effects long‐term ADT on fasting glucose levels, insulin resistance. METHODS To evaluate resistance who received to determine whether alterations...
Among the products of enteroendocrine cells are incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1, secreted by L cells) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP, K cells). These key modulators insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, gastric emptying. Because rapid early rise GLP-1 in plasma after oral glucose, we wished to definitively establish absence or presence cells, as well relative distribution incretin cell types human duodenum. We confirmed proglucagon pro-GIP genes, their products,...
Intermittent energy restriction may result in greater improvements insulin sensitivity and weight control than daily (DER). We tested two intermittent carbohydrate (IECR) regimens, including one which allowed ad libitum protein fat (IECR+PF). Overweight women ( n 115) aged 20 69 years with a family history of breast cancer were randomised to an overall 25 % restriction, either as IECR (2500–2717 kJ/d, < 40 g carbohydrate/d for 2 d/week) or DER (approximately 6000 kJ/d 7 IECR+PF 3-month...
Adipose tissue development is tightly regulated by altering gene expression.MicroRNAs are strong posttranscriptional regulators of mammalian differentiation.We hypothesized that microRNAs might influence human adipogenesis targeting specific adipogenic factors.We identified showed varying abundance during the differentiation preadipocytes into adipocytes.Among them, miR-130 strongly affected adipocyte differentiation, as overexpressing impaired and reducing enhanced adipogenesis.A key...
Sirt1 is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that extends lifespan in lower organisms and improves metabolism delays the onset of age-related diseases mammals. Here we show SRT1720, a synthetic compound was identified for its ability to activate vitro, both mean maximum adult mice fed high-fat diet. This extension accompanied by health benefits including reduced liver steatosis, increased insulin sensitivity, enhanced locomotor activity normalization gene expression profiles markers inflammation...
OBJECTIVE Persons with diabetes have accelerated muscle loss compared their counterparts. The relationship of hyperglycemia per se to declines in function has not been explored yet implications for developing appropriate intervention strategies prevent loss. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined 984 participants aged 25–96 years the Baltimore Longitudinal Study Aging (2003–2011) HbA1c, knee extensor strength (isokinetic dynamometer), and lean body mass (DEXA) measured at baseline....