A5076538538- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keio University
2016-2025
Kansai Medical University
2024-2025
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
2018-2023
ORCID
2020
Kitasato Institute Hospital
2007-2019
Keio University Hospital
2003-2019
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2016
University of Pittsburgh
2005-2008
Center for Rheumatology
2006
Mouse mothers transfer metabolic mode Obesity and diseases tend to go together, humans who become obese are also prone type 2 diabetes cardiovascular problems. Starting with the observation that offspring of germ-free mice tended on high-fat diets, Kimura et al. investigated how presence microbiota might be protective in (see Perspective by Ferguson). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from known suppress insulin signaling reduce fat deposition adipocytes. Further experiments showed SCFAs...
Gut microbiota mediates the effects of diet, thereby modifying host metabolism and incidence metabolic disorders. Increased consumption omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that is abundant in Western diet contributes to obesity related diseases. Although gut-microbiota-related pathways dietary PUFAs were recently elucidated, on physiological function remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate gut confers resistance high-fat (HFD)-induced by modulating metabolism. Supplementation...
Recent studies have revealed that decline in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels causes aging-related disorders and therapeutic approaches increasing NAD+ prevent these animal models. The administration of mononucleotide (NMN) has been shown to mitigate dysfunctions. However, the safety NMN humans remained unclear. We, therefore, conducted a clinical trial investigate single 10 healthy men. A single-arm non-randomized intervention was by oral 100, 250, 500 mg NMN....
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component characterized by ductular inflammation eventual liver cirrhosis. The serologic hallmark of PBC antimitochondrial antibodies that react the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, targeting inner lipoyl domain E2 subunit (anti–PDC-E2). Herein we demonstrate NOD.c3c4 mice congenically derived from nonobese diabetic strain develop (ABD) models human PBC. (at 9–10 wk, before significant pathology) to PDC-E2 are...
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex, polygenic disease affecting nearly 300 million people worldwide. T2D primarily characterized by insulin resistance, and growing evidence has indicated the causative link between adipose tissue inflammation development of resistance. Genetic association studies have successfully revealed number important genes consistently associated with to date. However, these robust T2D-associated do not fully elucidate mechanisms underlying progression disease. Here, we...
Although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance, many patients are unable comply with such dietary therapy for long periods. The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in position statement Diabetes UK scientific review conducted by the American Association. However, randomised trials interventions Japanese type 2 diabetes scarce. Therefore, aim this study examine effects non-calorie-restricted, diet...
The regulation of inflammatory responses within adipose tissue by various types immune cells is closely related to homeostasis and progression metabolic disorders such as obesity type 2 diabetes. G-protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), which activated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), known be most abundantly expressed in white modulate processes. Although GPR43 also a wide variety cells, whether how regulates the remains unknown. In this study, we investigated role macrophages using...
Dietary intake of barley β-glucan (BG) is known to affect energy metabolism. However, its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood because studies have presented inconsistent results, with both positive and negative effects reported in terms satiety, intake, weight loss, glycemic control. The objective this study was clarify the physiological role metabolic benefits BG using a mouse model high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Male 4-wk-old C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFD 20% flour...
Ketone bodies, including β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, are important alternative energy sources during shortage. β-Hydroxybutyrate also acts as a signaling molecule via specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); however, the associated GPCRs physiological functions of acetoacetate remain unknown. Here we identified an endogenous agonist for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptor GPR43 by ligand screening in heterologous expression system. Under ketogenic conditions, such starvation...
Fermented foods demonstrate remarkable health benefits owing to probiotic bacteria or microproducts produced via bacterial fermentation. are by the fermentative action of several lactic acid bacteria, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides; however, exact mechanism these remains unclear. Here, we observed that prebiotics associated with L. mesenteroides-produced exopolysaccharides (EPS) substantial host metabolic benefits. EPS is an indigestible α-glucan, and intake purified form improved...
The role of gut microbiota in the progression chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been fully elucidated.Renal failure was induced 6-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats by 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). We analyzed population to identify relevant species potentially involved inducing renal damage. Human colon Caco-2 cells were used delineate mechanism molecular changes Nx rats.Nx showed an increase Bacteroides (Bact) and a decrease Lactobacillus (Lact) compared with sham-operated rats. Lact, but...
This study compared the effects of telmisartan and losartan on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) biochemical markers insulin resistance in hypertensive NAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.This was a randomized, open-label, parallel-group comparison therapy or losartan. Nineteen were randomly assigned to receive at dose 40 mg once day (n = 12) [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] 50 7) for 12 months.The group showed significant decline serum free acid (FFA) level (from 0.87 ± 0.26 0.59...
The vaccine for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to potentially cause or worsen diabetes. A 73-year-old Japanese woman received two doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Four weeks after second vaccination, her glycemic control began deteriorate, and 8 patient was diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes that strongly positive autoantibodies showed a disease-susceptible human leukocyte antigen haplotype, DRB1*04:05:01-DQB1*04:01:01. glucagon stimulation test suggested...
Obesity and aging are major risk factors for several life-threatening diseases. Accumulating evidence from both rodents humans suggests that the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a regulator many biological processes, declines in multiple organs tissues with obesity. Administration an NAD+ intermediate, mononucleotide (NMN), replenishes intracellular mitigates aging- obesity-associated derangements animal models. In this human clinical study, we aimed to investigate safety...
Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a unique anti-obesity commensal bacterium. We found that S. may prevent obesity caused excess sucrose intake exopolysaccharide (EPS) –short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) –carbohydrate metabolic axis in male mice. Healthy human donor-derived produced high EPS...
Abstract Aim Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy ( LSG ) is becoming popular in Japan, but insufficient weight loss often observed patients after . We investigated the effect of on obesity‐related comorbidities and identified background characteristics Japanese with Methods In this multi‐institutional retrospective study at 10 certified bariatric institutions, 322 who underwent a follow‐up period more than 2 years were analyzed. Anthropometry, psychosocial data collected. Weight was expressed as...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to insulin resistance (IR) and sarcopenia, which are associated with a high mortality risk in CKD patients; however, their pathophysiologies remain unclear. Recently, alterations gut microbiota have been reported be CKD. We aimed determine whether uremic dysbiosis contributes CKD-associated IR sarcopenia.CKD was induced specific pathogen-free mice via an adenine-containing diet; control animals were fed normal diet. Fecal transplantation (FMT) performed by...
Oral charcoal adsorbent AST-120 (AST) is reported to ameliorate renal dysfunction by the absorption of toxic substance in gut. Recent study revealed that, CKD, gut environment disturbed including decrease tight junctions and Lactobacillus (Lact). In this study, we examined whether AST improves through environment.Six-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were rendered CKD 5/6th nephrectomy (Nx). SHRs divided into SHR (Sham), with Nx (Nx), given (Nx + AST) (n = 10, each). After 12...
Abstract Aim The ingestion of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 (OLL2712) cells has been shown to improve glucose metabolism by suppressing chronic inflammation in murine models and clinical studies. This study aimed clarify the effect on glycaemic control healthy adults with prediabetes. Materials Methods was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group design. Adult participants prediabetes [n = 148, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) range: 5.6%‐6.4%, age 20‐64 years] were...