Carol D. Blair
A5022926563- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- interferon and immune responses
Colorado State University
2014-2023
University of Toronto
2010
University of Tasmania
2008
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
2008
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2008
Vector & Vector-Borne Diseases Research Institute
2008
University of Wisconsin–La Crosse
2005
Autonomous University of Yucatán
2004
Mexican Social Security Institute
2004
University of California, Irvine
2002
A number of studies have shown that both innate and adaptive immune defense mechanisms greatly influence the course human dengue virus (DENV) infections, but little is known about response mosquito vector Aedes aegypti to arbovirus infection. We present evidence here a major component response, RNA interference (RNAi), an important modulator infections. The RNAi triggered by double-stranded (dsRNA), which occurs in cytoplasm as result positive-sense infection, leading production small...
Mosquitoes ( Aedes aegypti ) were genetically modified to exhibit impaired vector competence for dengue type 2 viruses (DENV-2). We exploited the natural antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in mosquito midgut by constructing an effector gene that expresses inverted-repeat (IR) derived from premembrane protein coding region of DENV-2 genome. The A. carboxypeptidase A promoter was used express IR epithelial cells after ingestion a bloodmeal. and inserted into genome white-eye Puerto Rico...
Mosquitoes rely on RNA interference (RNAi) as their primary defense against viral infections. To this end, the combination of RNAi and invertebrate cell culture systems has become an invaluable tool in studying virus-vector interactions. Nevertheless, a recent study failed to detect active response West Nile virus (WNV) infection C6/36 (Aedes albopictus) cells, mosquito line frequently used arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Therefore, we sought determine if WNV actively evades host's or...
RNA interference (RNAi) is triggered in eukaryotic organisms by double-stranded (dsRNA), and it destroys any mRNA that has sequence identity with the dsRNA trigger. The RNAi pathway Anopheles gambiae can be silenced transfecting cells derived from exon of A. Argonaute2 ( AgAgo2 ) gene. We hypothesized may also act as an antagonist to alphavirus replication because viruses form during replication. Silencing expression would make mosquitoes more permissive virus infection. To determine whether...
Abstract Background RNA interference (RNAi) is an important anti-viral defense mechanism. The Aedes aegypti genome encodes RNAi component orthologs, however, most populations of this mosquito are readily infected by, and subsequently transmit flaviviruses alphaviruses. goal study was to use Ae. as a model system determine how the mosquito's pathway interacts with recombinant Sindbis virus (SINV; family Togaviridae , genus Alphavirus ). Results SINV (TR339-eGFP) (+) strand RNA, infectious...
The exogenous RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is an important antiviral defense against arboviruses in mosquitoes, and virus-specific small interfering (si)RNAs are key components of this pathway. Understanding the biogenesis siRNAs mosquitoes could have ramifications using RNAi to control arbovirus transmission. Using deep sequencing technology, we characterized dengue virus type 2 (DENV2)-specific RNAs produced during infection Aedes aegypti A. Aag2 cell cultures compared them those C6/36...
The control of arthropod-borne virus diseases such as dengue may ultimately require the genetic manipulation mosquito vectors to disrupt transmission human populations. To reduce ability mosquitoes transmit viruses, a recombinant Sindbis was used transduce female Aedes aegypti with 567-base antisense RNA targeted premembrane coding region type 2 (DEN-2) virus. transduced were unable support replication DEN-2 in their salivary glands and therefore not able
ABSTRACT La Crosse virus (LACV) is a mosquito-transmitted member of the Bunyaviridae family that causes severe encephalitis in children. For LACV nonstructural protein NSs, previous overexpression studies with mammalian cells had suggested two different functions, namely induction apoptosis and inhibition RNA interference (RNAi). Here, we demonstrate mosquito persistently infected do not undergo mount specific RNAi response. Recombinant viruses either express (rLACV) or lack (rLACVdelNSs)...
Many viral pathogens cycle between humans and insects. These viruses must have evolved strategies for rapid adaptation to different host environments. However, the mechanistic basis process remains poorly understood. To study mosquito-human cycle, we examined changes in RNA structures of dengue virus genome during adaptation. Deep sequencing structure analysis, together with fitness evaluation, revealed a specialization elements 3'UTR. Adaptation mosquito or mammalian cells involved...
Mosquitoes were collected in Colorado during 2006 and 2007 to examine spatial seasonal patterns of risk for exposure Culex vectors West Nile virus. We used universal flavivirus primers test pools mosquitoes viral RNA. This led the detection subsequent isolation two insect-specific flaviviruses: (CxFV), which was first described from Japan, a novel insect flavivirus, designated Calbertado virus (CLBOV), has also been detected California Canada. recorded both viruses Cx. tarsalis pipiens...
We describe the first comprehensive analysis of midgut metabolome Aedes aegypti, primary mosquito vector for arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever viruses. Transmission these viruses depends on their ability to infect, replicate disseminate from several tissues in vector. The metabolic environments within play crucial roles processes. Since are enveloped, viral replication, assembly release occur cellular membranes primed through manipulation host metabolism....
The Flavivirus genus includes a large number of medically relevant pathogens that cycle between humans and arthropods. This host alternation imposes selective pressure on the viral population. Here, we found dengue virus, most important human pathogen transmitted by insects, evolved mechanism to differentially regulate production non-coding RNAs in mosquitos humans, with significant impact fitness each host. infections accumulate derived from 3'UTRs (known as sfRNAs), pathogenesis immune...
Peribunyaviruses are enveloped and possess three distinct, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA segments comprising 11.2–12.5 kb in total. The family includes globally distributed viruses the genera Orthobunyavirus , Herbevirus Pacuvirus Shangavirus . Most maintained geographically-restricted vertebrate–arthropod transmission cycles that can include transovarial from arthropod dam to offspring. Others arthropod-specific. Arthropods be persistently infected. Human infection occurs through...
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) initiates cellular posttranscriptional responses that are collectively called silencing in a number of different organisms, including plants, nematodes, and fruit flies. In has been associated with protection from virus infection. this study, we demonstrate dsRNA-mediated interference also can act as viral defense mechanism mosquito cells. C6/36 (Aedes albopictus) cells were stably transformed plasmid designed to transcribe an inverted-repeat (irRNA) derived the...