A5102986474- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
RWTH Aachen University
2013-2023
Goethe University Frankfurt
2016-2020
Norwich Research Park
2015-2018
Sainsbury Laboratory
2015-2018
Institute of Pathology Celle
2017
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
2008-2016
Fast and reliable detection of patients with severe heterogeneous illnesses is a major goal precision medicine1,2. Patients leukaemia can be identified using machine learning on the basis their blood transcriptomes3. However, there an increasing divide between what technically possible allowed, because privacy legislation4,5. Here, to facilitate integration any medical data from owner worldwide without violating laws, we introduce Swarm Learning-a decentralized machine-learning approach that...
Inventors in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering can access multitudes components and, thanks to standardization, parts from different manufacturers be used combination with each other. The introduction BioBrick standards for assembly characterized DNA sequences was a landmark microbial engineering, shaping synthetic biology. Here, we describe standard Type IIS restriction endonuclease-mediated assembly, defining common syntax 12 fusion sites enable facile eukaryotic...
Sensing of potential pathogenic bacteria is critical importance for immunity. In plants, this involves plasma membrane-resident pattern recognition receptors, one which the FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) receptor kinase. Ligand-activated FLS2 receptors are internalized into endosomes. However, extent to these spatiotemporal dynamics generally present among (PRRs) and their regulation remain elusive. Using live-cell imaging, we show that at least three other kinases associated with plant...
The first layer of plant immunity is activated by cell surface receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and proteins (RLPs) that detect infectious pathogens. Constitutive interaction with the SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1 (SOBIR1) RLK contributes to RLP stability kinase activity. As activation requires transphosphorylation a second associated RLK, it remains elusive how RLPs initiate downstream signaling. We employed live-cell imaging, gene silencing coimmunoprecipitation investigate requirement for functioning...
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03156.x Commentary p 593
Filamentous phytopathogens, such as fungi and oomycetes, secrete effector proteins to establish successful interactions with their plant hosts. In contrast little is known about functions in true fungi. We used a bioinformatics pipeline identify Blumeria candidates (BECs) from the obligate biotrophic barley powdery mildew pathogen, graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). BEC1-BEC5 are expressed at different time points during infection. BEC1, BEC2 BEC4 have orthologues Arabidopsis thaliana-infecting...
Heterotrimeric G-proteins, composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, regulate many fundamental processes in plants. In animals, ligand binding to seven transmembrane (7TM) cell surface receptors designated G-protein coupled (GPCR) leads heterotrimeric activation. Because the plant complex is constitutively active, exact role 7TM proteins this process unclear. Members mildew resistance locus O (MLO) family represent best-characterized proteins. Although genetic ablation either MLO2 or G-proteins...
It is generally accepted in plant-microbe interactions research that disease the exception rather than a common outcome of pathogen attack. However, nature, plants with symptoms signify colonization by obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi are omnipresent. The pervasiveness and fact many economically important prone to infection drives on this interaction. competence establish maintain true relationships renders interaction paramount example pathogenic biotrophy. molecular details...
Loss of function mutations particular plant MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O (MLO) genes confer durable and broad-spectrum penetration resistance against powdery mildew fungi. Here, we combined genetic, transcriptomic metabolomic analyses to explore the defense mechanisms in fully resistant Arabidopsis thaliana mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant. We found that this genotype unexpectedly overcomes requirement for indolic antimicrobials defense-related secretion, which are critical incomplete single...
Abstract Arabidopsis thaliana mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant plants exhibit complete immunity against infection by otherwise virulent obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi such as Golovinomyces orontii . While this phenotype is well documented, the interaction profile of with other microbes underexplored and incomplete. Here, we thoroughly assessed quantified phenotypes two independent mildew-resistant lines a range microbes. These microorganisms belong to three kingdoms life, engage in...
Compared to other ascomycetes, the barley powdery mildew pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh) has a large genome (ca. 120 Mbp) that harbors relatively small number of protein-coding genes 6500). This genomic assemblage is thought be result numerous gene losses, which likely represent an evolutionary adaptation parasitic lifestyle in close association with its host plant, (Hordeum vulgare). Approximately 8% Bgh are predicted encode virulence effectors secreted into tissue and/or...
Expansion of gene families facilitates robustness and evolvability biological processes but impedes functional genetic dissection signalling pathways. To address this, quantitative analysis single cell responses can help characterize the redundancy within families. We developed high-throughput imaging stomatal closure, a response plant guard cells, performed reverse screen in group Arabidopsis mutants to five stimuli. Focussing on intersection between endomembrane system, we identified eight...
Plants encounter beneficial and detrimental microorganisms both above- belowground the health status of plant depends on composition this pan-microbiome. Beneficial contribute to nutrition or systemically locally protect plants against pathogens, thus facilitating adaptation a variety environments. Induced systemic resistance, caused by root-associated microbes, manifests as aboveground resistance necrotrophic pathogens is mediated jasmonic acid/ethylene-dependent signaling. By contrast,...
Emerging evidence suggests a complex relationship between sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling and stroke. Here, we show the kinetics of S1P in acute phase ischemic stroke highlight accompanying changes immune cells receptors (S1PR). Using C57BL/6 mouse model middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), assessed concentrations brain, plasma, spleen. We found steep gradient from spleen towards brain. Results obtained by qPCR suggested that expressing S1PR type 1 (S1P1+) were predominant...
Comparative analyses of genome sequences from several plant-infecting fungi have shown conservation and expansion protein families with plant disease-related functions. Here, we show that this hypothesis can be extended to mutualistic symbiotic fungi. We identified a gene encoding an Era (Escherichia coli Ras)-like GTPase in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae found it is orthologous mature amino terminal part Gin1 arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) Glomus intraradices. M. Erl1 required for...
Exocyst component of 70-kDa (EXO70) proteins are constituents the exocyst complex implicated in vesicle tethering during exocytosis. MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O (MLO) plant-specific calcium channels and some MLO isoforms enable fungal powdery mildew pathogenesis. We here detected an unexpected phenotypic overlap Arabidopsis thaliana exo70H4 mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant plants regarding biogenesis leaf trichome secondary cell walls. Biochemical Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analyses...
Despite the efficacy of neuroprotective approaches in animal models stroke, their translation has so far failed from bench to bedside. One reason is presumed be a low quality preclinical study design, leading bias and priori power. In this study, we propose that key read-out experimental stroke studies, volume ischemic damage as commonly measured by free-handed planimetry TTC-stained brain sections, subject an unrecognized inter-rater test-retest reliability with strong implications for...
Successful pathogens must efficiently defeat or delay host immune responses, including those triggered by release exposure of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Knowledge the details leading to this phenomenon in genuine plant-pathogen interactions is still scarce. We took advantage well-established Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 pathosystem explore prerequisites for suppression MAMP-triggered defense bacterial invader. Using a transgenic line...
Dry-down rate is the loss of moisture from maize kernels over time. This study was undertaken to determine whether collections early and late flowering South African germ plasm have same genetic properties with reference dry-down as reported for foreign plasm. If so, a rating may be included in breeding programmes order select decreased percentage at harvest. will facilitate production high yielding varieties hybrids good quality grain that do not need mechanically dried, thus decreasing...