A5023643896- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- interferon and immune responses
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Virology and Viral Diseases
Universität Ulm
2018-2024
University Medical Center
2020-2024
University Hospital Ulm
2018-2022
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene
2021
Institute of Virology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2020
Segeberger Kliniken
2006-2008
Universität Hamburg
2005
Infection-related diabetes can arise as a result of virus-associated β-cell destruction. Clinical data suggest that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing disease 2019 (COVID-19), impairs glucose homoeostasis, but experimental evidence SARS-CoV-2 infect pancreatic tissue has been lacking. In present study, we show infects cells human exocrine and endocrine pancreas ex vivo in vivo. We demonstrate β-cells express viral entry proteins, replicates cultured...
The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic creates a significant threat to global health. Recent studies suggested the significance of throat and salivary glands as major sites virus replication transmission during early disease 2019, thus advocating application oral antiseptics. However, antiviral efficacy rinsing solutions against SARS-CoV-2 has not been examined. Here, we evaluated virucidal activity different available rinses under conditions...
Abstract Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs 1, 2 and 3) can restrict viral pathogens, but pro- anti-viral activities have been reported for coronaviruses. Here, we show that artificial overexpression of IFITMs blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, endogenous IFITM expression supports efficient infection in human lung cells. Our results indicate the Spike protein interacts with hijacks them were expressed further induced by interferons lung, gut, heart brain IFITM-derived...
Guanylate-binding protein (GBP) 5 is an interferon (IFN)-inducible cellular factor reducing HIV-1 infectivity by incompletely understood mechanism. Here, we show that this activity shared GBP2, but not other members of the human GBP family. GBP2/5 decrease proprotein convertase furin, which mediates conversion envelope (Env) precursor gp160 into mature gp120 and gp41. Because process primes Env for membrane fusion, viral particles produced in presence are poorly infectious due to increased...
BackgroundHeterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens combining vector- and mRNA-based vaccines are already administered, but data on solicited adverse reactions, immunological responses elicited protection limited.MethodsTo evaluate the reactogenicity humoral as well cellular immune towards most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants after a heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination, we analysed cohort of 26 clinic employees aged 25-46 (median 30.5) years who received prime...
SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory pathogen and primarily infects the airway epithelium. As our knowledge about innate immune factors of tract against limited, we generated screened peptide/protein library derived from bronchoalveolar lavage for inhibitors spike-driven entry. Analysis antiviral fractions revealed presence α1-antitrypsin (α1AT), highly abundant circulating serine protease inhibitor. Here, report that α1AT inhibits entry at physiological concentrations suppresses viral replication in...
The quality and persistence of children's humoral immune response following SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown but will be crucial to guide pediatric vaccination programs. Here, we examine 548 children 717 adults within 328 households with at least one member a previous laboratory-confirmed infection. We assess serological 3-4 months 11-12 after using bead-based multiplex immunoassay for 23 human coronavirus antigens including its Variants Concern (VOC) endemic coronaviruses...
In some cases of polyneuropathy and plasma cell dyscrasia, the monclonal antibodies react with human peripheral nerve myelin. To identify myelin antigens involved, we separated proteins central by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred onto nitrocellulose sheets, used an immunoenzymatic technique to detect reactive antigens. Serum IgM but not IgG from three patients neuropathy complement-fixing anti-human paraproteins immunostained a protein approximately 100,000 daltons in or...
Recent evidence shows that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is sensitive to interferons (IFNs). However, the most effective types of IFNs and underlying antiviral effectors remain be defined. Here, we show zinc finger protein (ZAP), which preferentially targets CpG dinucleotides in viral RNA sequences, restricts SARS-CoV-2. We further demonstrate ZAP its cofactors KHNYN TRIM25 are expressed human lung cells. Type I, II, III all strongly inhibited SARS-CoV-2...
Background and aimsThe COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide poses a severe health risk. While most patients present mild symptoms, descending pneumonia can lead to respiratory insufficiency. Up 50% of show gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea or nausea, intriguingly associating with prolonged increased severity. Thus, models understand validate drug efficiency in the gut are urgent need.MethodsHuman intestinal organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSC-HIOs) have led, due their...
SUMMARY The global spread of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 is devastating health systems and economies worldwide. Recombinant or vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies are used to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. However, recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (UK), B.1.351 (South Africa) B.1.1.248 (Brazil) harbor mutations in viral spike (S) protein that may alter virus-host cell interactions confer resistance inhibitors antibodies. Here, using pseudoparticles, we show entry UK, South Africa...
Abstract Some viruses are rarely transmitted orally or sexually despite their presence in saliva, breast milk, semen. We previously identified that extracellular vesicles (EVs) semen and saliva inhibit Zika virus infection. However, the antiviral spectrum underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here we applied lipidomics flow cytometry to show these EVs expose phosphatidylserine (PS). By blocking PS receptors, targeted by process of apoptotic mimicry, they interfere with viral attachment...
Pharmaceutical interventions are urgently needed to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and transmission. As SARS-CoV-2 infects spreads via the nasopharyngeal airways, we analyzed antiviral effect of selected nasal oral sprays on virus in vitro. Two nose showed virucidal activity but were cytotoxic precluding further analysis cell culture. One one mouth spray suppressed TMPRSS2-expressing Vero E6 cells primary differentiated human airway epithelial...
Abstract Heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens combining vector- and mRNA-based vaccines are already administered, but data on solicited adverse reactions, immunological responses elicited protection limited. We aimed to evaluate the reactogenicity, humoral cellular immune towards different SARS-CoV-2 variants after a heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 BNT162b2 prime-boost analyzed cohort of 26 individuals aged 25-46 (median 30.5) years that received prime followed by boost an 8- week...
Abstract Molecular imprinting has proven to be a versatile and simple strategy obtain selective materials also termed “plastic antibodies” for wide variety of species, i.e., from ions macromolecules viruses. However, the best authors’ knowledge, development epitope‐imprinted polymers binding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is not reported date. An epitope SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein comprising 17 amino acids used as template during process. The interactions between...
The COVID-19 course and immunity differ in children adults. We analyzed immune response dynamics 28 families up to 12 months after mild or asymptomatic infection. Unlike adults, the initial is plasmablast-driven children. Four infection, show an enhanced specific antibody lower but detectable spike 1 protein (S1)-specific B T cell responses than their parents. While antibodies decline, neutralizing activity breadth increase both groups. frequencies of S1-specific remain stable. However,...
SARS-CoV-2 triggered the most severe pandemic of recent times. To enter into a host cell, binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). However, subsequent studies indicated that other cell membrane receptors may act as virus-binding partners. Among these receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was hypothesized not only spike protein binder, but also be activated in response SARS-CoV-2. In our study, we aim at dissecting EGFR activation and its major downstream signaling...
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes severe birth defects and can be transmitted via sexual intercourse. Semen from ZIKV-infected individuals contains high viral loads may therefore serve as an important vector for transmission. Here we analyze the effect of semen on ZIKV infection cells tissues derived anogenital region. replicates in all analyzed cell lines, primary cells, endometrial or vaginal tissues. However, presence semen, by other flaviviruses is potently inhibited. We show that prevents...
Dysregulated intestinal epithelial apoptosis initiates gut injury, alters the barrier, and can facilitate bacterial translocation leading to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and/or multi-organ dysfunction (MODS). A variety of gastrointestinal disorders, including bowel disease, have been linked apoptosis. Similarly, hyperpermeability failure occur in critically ill patients, putting at center SIRS pathology. Regulation immune-modulatory functions ascribed...
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel pandemic coronavirus that caused global health and economic crisis. The development of efficient drugs vaccines against COVID-19 requires detailed knowledge about biology. Several techniques to detect infection have been established, mainly based on counting infected cells by staining plaques or foci, quantifying the viral genome PCR. These methods are laborious, time-consuming expensive therefore not suitable for high sample throughput rapid diagnostics. We here report...