A5002328249- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Language Development and Disorders
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- School Choice and Performance
King's College London
2018-2025
University College London
2021-2025
Language Science (South Korea)
2023-2024
Universidad de Londres
2024
Royal Holloway University of London
2024
Lovisenberg Diakonale Høgskole
2023
University of Oslo
2023
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
2023
Oslo University Hospital
2023
Diacon (Canada)
2023
Diverse behaviour problems in childhood correlate phenotypically, suggesting a general dimension of psychopathology that has been called the p factor. The shared genetic architecture between traits also supports p. This study systematically investigates manifestation this common across self-, parent- and teacher-rated measures adolescence.The sample included 7,026 twin pairs from Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). First, we employed multivariate models to estimate environmental influences...
Abstract Reading and writing are crucial life skills but roughly one in ten children affected by dyslexia, which can persist into adulthood. Family studies of dyslexia suggest heritability up to 70%, yet few convincing genetic markers have been found. Here we performed a genome-wide association study 51,800 adults self-reporting diagnosis 1,087,070 controls identified 42 independent significant loci: 15 genes linked cognitive ability/educational attainment, 27 new potentially more specific...
The use of spoken and written language is a fundamental human capacity. Individual differences in reading- language-related skills are influenced by genetic variation, with twin-based heritability estimates 30 to 80% depending on the trait. architecture complex, heterogeneous, multifactorial, but investigations contributions single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were thus far underpowered. We present multicohort genome-wide association study (GWAS) five traits assessed individually using...
Abstract Cognitive functions of individuals with psychiatric disorders differ from that the general population. Such cognitive differences often manifest early in life as differential school performance and have a strong genetic basis. Here we measured predictors 30,982 English, Danish mathematics via genome-wide association study (GWAS) studied their relationship risk for six major disorders. When decomposing into math language-specific performances, observed phenotypically genetically...
Early in life, behavioral and cognitive traits associated with risk for developing a psychiatric condition are broad undifferentiated. As children develop, these differentiate into characteristic clusters of symptoms behaviors that ultimately form the basis diagnostic categories. Understanding this differentiation process - context genetic conditions, which is highly generalized can improve early detection intervention. We modeled emotional problems from age 1.5-5 years (behavioral = score)...
The aetiology of conduct problems involves a combination genetic and environmental factors, many which are inherently linked to parental characteristics given parents' central role in children's lives across development. It is important disentangle what extent links between heritable behaviour due transmission risk or indirect influences via the environment (i.e., nurture). We used 31,290 genotyped mother-father-child trios from Norwegian Mother, Father Child Cohort Study (MoBa), testing...
Abstract Non-cognitive skills, such as motivation and self-regulation, are partly heritable predict academic achievement beyond cognitive skills. However, how the relationship between non-cognitive skills changes over development is unclear. The current study examined associated with from ages 7 to 16 years in a sample of 10,000 children England Wales. results showed that association increased across development. Twin polygenic scores analyses found links genetics became stronger school...
Abstract Although earlier research has shown that individual differences on the spectrum of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly heritable, emerging evidence suggests symptoms associated with complex interactions between genes and environmental influences. This study investigated whether a genetic predisposition [Note term ‘genetic predisposition’ was used in this manuscript to refer an estimate based twin modeling (an individual’s score latent trait resembles additive...
Polygenic scores are increasingly powerful predictors of educational achievement. It is unclear, however, how sets polygenic scores, which partly capture environmental effects, perform jointly with measures, themselves heritable, in prediction models Here, for the first time, we systematically investigate gene-environment correlation (rGE) and interaction (GxE) joint analysis multiple genome-wide (GPS) measures as they predict tested achievement (EA). We EA a representative sample 7,026...
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have uncovered DNA variants associated with individual differences in general cognitive ability (g), but these are far from capturing heritability estimates obtained twin studies. A major barrier to finding more of this 'missing heritability' is assessment--the use diverse measures across GWA as well time and the cost assessment. In a series four studies, we created 15-min (40-item), online, gamified measure g that highly reliable (alpha = 0.78; two-week...
Abstract Many mental health conditions present a spectrum of social difficulties that overlaps with behaviour in the general population including shared but little characterised genetic links. Here, we systematically investigate heterogeneity liabilities attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism disorders (ASD), bipolar (BP), major depression (MD) and schizophrenia across different symptoms. Longitudinally assessed low-prosociality peer-problem scores two UK population-based...
Genetic effects on academic achievement are likely to capture environmental, developmental, and psychological processes. How these processes contribute translating genetic dispositions into observed remains critically under-investigated. Here, we examined the role of non-cognitive skills (e.g., motivation, attitudes self-regulation) in mediating education-associated across development. Data were collected from 5,016 children enrolled Twins Early Development Study at ages 7, 9, 12, 16, as...
Abstract Childhood emotional and behavioural difficulties tend to co-occur often precede diagnosed neuropsychiatric conditions. Identifying shared specific risk factors for early-life mental health is therefore essential prevention strategies. Here, we examine how parental shape their offspring’s symptoms (e.g. feelings of anxiety, restlessness) using data from 14,959 genotyped family trios the Norwegian Mother, Father Child Cohort Study (MoBa). We model maternal reports symptoms, organizing...
A combination of genetic and environmental factors working in interplay is thought to underlie differences symptoms psychopathology between adolescents. Yet, studies that have investigated gene-environment interaction isolated aspects developmental lack robust effects, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive approach. We adopted multivariable framework investigate internalising externalising sample 3,337 16-year-olds from Twins Early Development Study. used penalised regression models...
Abstract Recent advances in genomics are producing powerful DNA predictors of complex traits, especially cognitive abilities. Here, we leveraged summary statistics from the most recent genome-wide association studies intelligence and educational attainment to build prediction models general ability achievement. To this end, compared performances multi-trait genomic polygenic scoring methods. In a representative UK sample 7,026 children at age 12 16, show that can now predict up 11 percent...