A5039040624- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Trinity College Dublin
2017-2024
Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin
2023
St. James's Hospital
2018-2022
University College Dublin
2020
Summary Background Lifestyle interventions are the primary treatment for metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, histological and cardiometabolic effects of aerobic exercise in MAFLD remain unclear. Aims To assess a 12‐week intervention on endpoints MAFLD. Methods Patients with biopsy‐confirmed participated intervention. Liver histology, cardiorespiratory fitness (estimated V̇O 2max ), physical activity, anthropometry biochemical markers were assessed at...
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, and incidence increasing rapidly in the Western world. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize bacterial metabolites kill infected cells, yet their role OAC unknown. We aimed to elucidate of MAIT during cancer development by characterizing frequency, phenotype, function human blood tissues, from its pre-malignant inflammatory condition Barrett's oesophagus (BO). Blood tissues were phenotyped flow...
The omentum is enriched with pro-inflammatory effector memory CD8+ T cells in patients the obesity-associated malignancy, esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EAC) and we have identified chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1α) as a key player their active migration to this inflamed tissue. More recently, others established that subsets of can be classified based on surface expression CX3CR1; specific receptor for fractalkine. expressing intermediate levels (CX3CR1INT) are...
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common syndromic immunodeficiency with an increased risk of infection, mortality from sepsis, and autoinflammation. Innate immune function altered in DS therefore we examined responses CD11b Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which are important cell surface markers upregulated response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin, immunomodulator melatonin. Neutrophil monocyte LPS melatonin children who were clinically stable compared age-matched controls. Whole blood was...
Abstract MIS-C is a systemic inflammation disorder with poorly characterised immunopathological mechanisms. We compared changes in the immune response children (n = 12, 5–13 years) to healthy controls 14, 5–15 years). Analysis was done whole blood treated LPS. Expression of CD11b and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) neutrophils monocytes were analysed by flow cytometry. Serum cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-Ira, TNF-α, TNF-β, IFN-Υ, VEGF, EPO GM-CSF) mRNA levels inflammasome...
Innate lymphocyte populations, such as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), γδ T cells, invariant natural killer (iNK T) and mucosal-associated (MAIT) are emerging important effectors of immunity involved in various inflammatory autoimmune diseases. The aim this study was to assess the frequencies absolute numbers lymphocytes well conventional monocytes peripheral blood from a cohort anti-neutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients. Thirty-eight AAV patients 24...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the key in initiating innate immune responses. TLR2 is crucial recognising lipopeptides from gram-positive bacteria and implicated chronic inflammation. Children with Down syndrome (DS) prone to infections these pathogens have an increased risk of autoimmunity. Sparstolonin B (SsnB) a TLR antagonist which attenuates cytokine production improves outcomes sepsis. We hypothesised that signalling may be abnormal children DS contribute their clinical phenotype....
Aim: To investigate the relationship between cytokines associated with innate immune cell activation and brain injury outcome in infants NE compared to neonatal controls. Methods: Serum CSF biomarkers activated neutrophils monocytes [Interleukin-8 (IL-8) Granulocyte-Macrophage-Colony-Stimulating-Factor (GM-CSF)] were serially measured using duplex immunoassays on days 1, 3 7 term newborns Results grade of encephalopathy, seizures, MRI imaging, mortality Bayley Score Infant Toddler...
Objective The role of Th1 and Th17 lymphocyte responses in human infection sepsis elderly patients has yet to be clarified. Design A prospective observational study with sepsis, only healthy controls. Setting acute medical wards intensive care units a 1000 bed university hospital. Patients 32 20 infection, controls were older than 65 years age. recognised underlying immune compromise excluded. Methods Phenotype, differentiation status cytokine production by T lymphocytes determined flow...
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is characterized by altered neurological function in term infants and inflammation plays an important pathophysiological role. Inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1ra IL-18 are activated the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)- NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome; furthermore, we aimed to examine role of inflammasome multiprotein complex involved proinflammatory responses from newborn period...
Infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in children with Severe Neurological Impairment (SNI). Alterations immune cell numbers function neurodisability have been reported. We aimed to characterise neutrophil, monocyte lymphocyte proportions activation, at baseline response stimulation lipopolysaccharide, SNI compared healthy controls.
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells recognize glycolipid antigens bound to CD1d molecules on antigen-presenting cells. Therapeutic activation of iNKT with the xenogeneic α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) can prevent and reverse tumor growth in murine models, but clinical trials using α-GalCer-stimulated human have shown limited efficacy. We synthesized a series thioglycoside analogs α-GalCer different substituents galactose residue found that two these compounds, XZ7 XZ11, CD1d-transfected...
The global obesity epidemic is contributing to increased prevalence of diseases fuelled by chronic inflammation, including cancer. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) an obesity-associated malignancy with increasing prevalence, dismal prognosis, and severely dysregulated immune processes. We previously reported that αβ T cells migrate omentum liver in OAC contribute inflammation these tissues. Here, we assessed the tissue distribution phenotype gamma/delta (γδ) blood, omentum, tumour patients....
Esophagogastric adenocarcinomas (EAC) are obesity-associated malignancies underpinned by severe immune dysregulation and inflammation. Our previous work indicates that NK cells migrate to EAC omentum, where they undergo phenotypic functional alterations apoptosis. In this study, we investigate whether such erroneous chemotaxis omentum is paralleled compromised cell infiltration of patient tumor examine the role inflammatory chemokine fractalkine in shaping cell-mediated response. data show...
Abstract Chemotherapy upregulates immune checkpoint (IC) expression on the surface of tumour cells and IC-intrinsic signalling confers a survival advantage against chemotherapy in several cancer-types including oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). However, pathways mediating chemotherapy-induced IC upregulation mechanisms employed by ICs to protect OAC remain unknown. Longitudinal profiling revealed that FLOT-induced OE33 was sustained for up 3 weeks post-treatment, returning baseline upon...
Background: the role of innate immunity in human sepsis must be fully clarified to identify potential avenues for novel immune adjuvant therapies. Methods: A prospective observational study was performed including patients with (septic group), infection without (infection and healthy controls (control group) setting acute medical wards intensive care units a 1000-bed university hospital. total 42 sepsis, 30 infection, were studied. The differentiation states circulating mucosal associated...
Cognitive impairment occurs in 30%-50% of patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Exercise is beneficial preventing and treating cognitive cardiometabolic abnormalities many inflammatory diseases, but there are few studies investigating the impact exercise HCV The study aimed to assess effect a 12-week aerobic intervention on cognition extrahepatic manifestations individuals HCV. In this nonrandomized controlled pilot study, participated intervention. Outcome...
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Persistent inflammation activation leukocytes mediate brain injury in NE. The standard care for NE, therapeutic hypothermia (TH), does not improve outcomes nearly half moderate to severe cases, resulting the need new adjuvant therapies, immunomodulation holds promise. Our objective was explore systemic leukocyte phenotype infants with NE healthy controls response lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four (NE II-20;...