A5052669895- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Delphi Technique in Research
- Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation
- Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Bioactive natural compounds
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
King's College London
2022-2025
Guy's Hospital
2025
University of Oxford
2015-2024
Imperial College London
2002-2023
University of Leicester
2023
National Institute for Health Research
2019-2023
Lung Institute
2002-2023
The London College
2023
Nuffield Health
2023
Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust
2018-2021
Key Principle #1: Causal inference requires careful consideration of confounding d Preferred variable selection methods 1. Historical confounder definition with purposeful 2. models using directed acyclic graphs Variable that do not adequately control for 3. P value-or model-based 4. Methods based on b-coefficient changes 5. Selection variables to identify "independent predictors" Do present all the effect estimates from a model designed test single causal association (Table 2 fallacy) #2:...
Destruction of lung elastin is critical for development emphysema associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung macrophages release elastolytic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, along tissue inhibitors MMP (TIMP). We examined the production and activity macrophage-derived MMP-9 TIMP-1 from alveolar (AM) smokers COPD, healthy (HS), nonsmokers (NS). AM were stimulated either lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, or cigarette...
Abstract QRISK algorithms use data from millions of people to help clinicians identify individuals at high risk cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we derive and externally validate a new algorithm, which have named QR4, that incorporates novel factors estimate 10-year CVD separately for men women. Health 9.98 million 6.79 adults the United Kingdom were used derivation validation respectively. Cause-specific Cox models develop predict risk, performance QR4 was compared with version 3 QRISK,...
<b>Background:</b> Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased numbers of neutrophils and macrophages in their lungs. Growth related oncogene-α (GROα) attracts neutrophils, whereas monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) monocytes that can differentiate into macrophages. The aim this study was to determine the concentration GROα MCP-1 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid sputum from non-smokers, healthy smokers patients COPD, see if there a correlation between...
Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic stilbene found in the skins of red fruits, including grapes, that may be responsible for some health benefits ascribed to consumption wine. has been shown have antioxidant properties and can act as an estrogen agonist. This study examined anti-inflammatory effects resveratrol on human airway epithelial cells. related molecule quercetin, but not deoxyrhapontin, inhibited IL-8 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor release...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by inflammation of the respiratory tract in which macrophages are predominant inflammatory cell and for efficacy treatment with corticosteroids controversial. We investigated effect dexamethasone on basal interleukin (IL)-1β or cigarette smoke media (CSM)–stimulated release IL-8 granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) bronchoalveolar lavage from smokers patients COPD (n = 15). Basal was approximately fivefold...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung with cigarette smoking as the major etiological factor, but only 15% of smokers develop COPD. Destruction elastin observed in COPD mediated by many enzymes, including cysteine, serine, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). The contribution these enzymes to elastolytic load, released from alveolar macrophages collected nonsmokers, healthy smokers, patients, was examined radiolabeled substrate presence specific enzyme inhibitors....
Community-based clinical trials of the inhaled corticosteroid budesonide in early COVID-19 have shown improved patient outcomes. We aimed to understand inflammatory mechanism treatment COVID-19.The STOIC trial was a randomised, open label, parallel group, phase 2 intervention where patients were randomly assigned (1:1) receive usual care (as needed antipyretics only available treatment) or at dose 800 μg twice day plus care. For this experimental analysis, we investigated nasal mucosal...
Exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) have a major impact on patients and healthcare systems across the world. Precise estimates global burden ECOPD mortality hospital readmission are needed to inform policy makers aid preventive strategies mitigate this burden. The aims present study were explore in-hospital mortality, post-discharge rates after ECOPD-related hospitalisation using an individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA) design.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a neutrophilic airway inflammation that can be demonstrated examination of induced sputum. Theophylline has antiinflammatory effects in asthma, and the present study we investigated whether similar effect occurs COPD patients treated with low doses theophylline. Twenty-five were theophylline (plasma level 9–11 mg/L) for 4 weeks placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind crossover study. was well tolerated. Induced sputum...
Background Management guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recommend that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are prescribed to patients with the most severe symptoms. However, these have not been widely implemented by physicians, leading widespread use of ICS in mild-to-moderate COPD. Of particular concern is potential risk worsening diabetic control associated use. Here we investigate whether therapy COPD and comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a negative impact...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients exhibit chronic inflammation, both in the lung parenchyma and airways, which is characterised by an increased infiltration of macrophages T-lymphocytes, particularly CD8 + cells. Both cell types can express chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)3 C-C 5 relevant chemokines for these receptors are elevated COPD. The aim this study was to compare chemotactic responses lymphocytes monocytes nonsmokers, smokers COPD towards CXCR3 ligands (C-C...
Macrophages increase in number and are highly activated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Muscarinic receptor antagonists inhibit acetylcholine-stimulated release of neutrophilic chemoattractants, suggesting that acetylcholine may regulate macrophage responses. Therefore, expression function components the non-neuronal cholinergic system monocyte-macrophage cells was investigated. RNA isolated from monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), lung alveolar nonsmokers, smokers...
Introduction Spirometry is a point-of-care lung function test that helps support the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic disease. The quality interpretation accuracy spirometry variable in primary care. This study aims to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) decision software improves performance care clinicians spirometry, against reference standard (expert interpretation). Methods analysis A parallel, two-group, statistician-blinded, randomised controlled trial UK, who refer for,...
Hintergrund: Exazerbationen von Asthma und chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung (COPD) sind wichtige Ereignisse, die mit kritischen Erkrankungen einhergehen. Die eosinophile Entzündung ist ein behandelbares Symptom, das häufig bei akuten COPD auftritt. Wir stellten Hypothese auf, dass Patienten eosinophilen eine einmalige Injektion Benralizumab, einem humanisierten monoklonalen Antikörper, der gegen den Interleukin-5-Rezeptor alpha gerichtet ist, allein oder in Kombination Prednisolon...
Cardiovascular disease is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD). Yet cardiovascular and risk under diagnosed COPD often undertreated, increasing the of cardiopulmonary events. We formed Global Working Group experts to produce consensus statement detailing identification management patients with COPD. conducted virtual meetings supplemented by remote working communication. The Chairs (CPG, MB) proposed draft statement, which was further developed Group. selection final...
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Background Spirometry services to diagnose and monitor lung disease in primary care were identified as a priority the NHS Long Term Plan, are restarting post-COVID-19 pandemic England; however, evidence regarding best practice is limited. Aim To explore perspectives on spirometry provision care, potential for artificial intelligence (AI) decision support software aid quality interpretation. Design setting Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders across England. Method Participants...