Oliver F. Wirz
A5075273538- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Mast cells and histamine
- Gut microbiota and health
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Immune responses and vaccinations
Stanford University
2020-2025
University of Zurich
2014-2024
University of Basel
2014-2018
CK-CARE
2017
SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, particularly those preventing viral spike receptor binding domain (RBD) interaction with host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, can neutralize the virus. It is, however, unknown which features of serological response may affect clinical outcomes COVID-19 patients. We analyzed 983 longitudinal plasma samples from 79 hospitalized patients and 175 SARS-CoV-2-infected outpatients asymptomatic individuals. Within this cohort, 25 died their illness....
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, novel and traditional vaccine strategies have been deployed globally. We investigated whether antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2), including third-dose boosting, differ from those generated infection or adenoviral (ChAdOx1-S Gam-COVID-Vac) inactivated viral (BBIBP-CorV) vaccines. analyzed human lymph nodes after for correlates of serological differences. Antibody breadth against variants is lower compared with all vaccines evaluated but...
BackgroundThere is increasing concern that persistent infection of SARS-CoV-2 within immunocompromised hosts could serve as a reservoir for mutation accumulation and subsequent emergence novel strains with the potential to evade immune responses.MethodsWe describe three patients acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were persistently positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viral viability from longitudinally-collected specimens was assessed. Whole-genome sequencing serological studies...
T cells are a critical component of the response to SARS-CoV-2, but their kinetics after infection and vaccination insufficiently understood. Using "spheromer" peptide-MHC multimer reagents, we analyzed healthy subjects receiving two doses Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine. Vaccination resulted in robust spike-specific cell responses for dominant CD4
Background The involvement of B cells in allergen tolerance induction remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the role this process, by comparing B-cell responses allergic patients before and during immunotherapy (AIT) naturally exposed healthy beekeepers beekeeping season. Methods Circulating were characterized flow cytometry. Phospholipase A2 (PLA)-specific identified using dual-color staining with fluorescently labeled PLA. Expression regulatory B-cell-associated surface...
Abstract Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but it uncertain whether these confer immunity. We describe viral RNA shedding duration in hospitalized patients and identify recurrent shedding. sequenced viruses two distinct episodes symptomatic separated by 140 days a single patient, to conclusively reinfection new strain harboring the spike variant D614G. With antibody B cell analytics, we show correlates adaptive immunity, including...
Different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are approved in various countries, but few direct comparisons of the antibody responses they stimulate have been reported. We collected plasma specimens July 2021 from 196 Mongolian participants fully vaccinated with one four COVID-19 vaccines: Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, and Sinopharm. Functional testing a panel nine viral variant receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins revealed marked differences vaccine responses, low levels RBD-ACE2 blocking...
Vaccination and infection promote the formation, tissue distribution, clonal evolution of B cells, which encode humoral immune memory. We evaluated pediatric adult blood deceased organ donor tissues to determine convergent antigen-specific antibody genes similar sequences shared between individuals. cell memory varied for different pathogens. Polysaccharide clones were not exclusive spleen. Adults had higher clone frequencies greater class switching in lymphoid than blood, while abundant...
Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but it uncertain whether these confer immunity. We describe viral RNA shedding duration in hospitalized patients and identify recurrent shedding. sequenced viruses two distinct episodes symptomatic separated by 144 days a single patient, to conclusively reinfection different strain harboring the spike variant D614G. This case was one first cases reported 2020. With antibody, B cell T analytics, we show...
Understanding the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is critical optimizing strategies for individuals with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we comprehensively analyzed innate and adaptive in 19 patients SLE receiving a complete 2-dose Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) regimen compared control cohort of 56 healthy (HC) volunteers. Patients exhibited impaired neutralizing antibody production antigen-specific CD4+ CD8+ T cell relative HC....
A novel B cell subset that produces proangiogenic cytokines is increased in pathologies associated with angiogenesis.
Abstract During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, new vaccine strategies including lipid nanoparticle delivery of antigen encoding RNA have been deployed globally. The BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein shows 95% efficacy in preventing disease, but it is unclear how antibody responses to vaccination differ from those generated by infection. Here we compare magnitude and breadth antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2, variants concern,...
Summary Background There is increasing concern that persistent infection of SARS-CoV-2 within immunocompromised hosts could serve as a reservoir for mutation accumulation and subsequent emergence novel strains with the potential to evade immune responses. Methods We describe three patients acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were persistently positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viral viability from longitudinally-collected specimens was assessed. Whole-genome sequencing serological...
Graphical abstractAbstractBackgroundChildhood exposure to a farm environment has been shown protect against the development of inflammatory diseases, such as allergy, asthma, and bowel disease.ObjectiveWe sought investigate whether both microbes structures nonmicrobial origin, sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic (Neu5Gc), might play significant role.MethodsExposure Neu5Gc was evaluated by quantifying anti-Neu5Gc antibody levels in sera children enrolled 2 studies: Prevention Allergy Risk...
Abstract Background Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 hyper‐IgE syndrome (STAT3‐HIES) is caused by heterozygous mutations in the STAT3 gene associated with eczema, elevated serum IgE, recurrent infections resembling severe atopic dermatitis, while clinically relevant specific IgE almost absent. Methods To investigate impact signaling on B‐cell responses, we assessed lymph node bone marrow, blood B plasma cell subsets, somatic hypermutations Ig genes, vitro proliferation...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, particularly those preventing viral spike receptor binding domain (RBD) interaction with host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, could offer protective immunity, and may affect clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. We analyzed 625 serial plasma samples from 40 hospitalized patients 170 SARS-CoV-2-infected outpatients asymptomatic individuals. Severely ill developed significantly higher antibody responses than The development antibodies...
Background B cells play a central role in IgE-mediated allergies. In damaged airway epithelium, they are exposed directly to aeroallergens. We aimed assess whether direct exposure of pollen constituents affects allergic sensitization. Methods from murine splenocytes and blood samples healthy donors were incubated for 8 days under Th2-like conditions with aqueous ragweed extracts (Amb-APE) or its constituents. Secreted total IgM, IgG, IgE was quantified by ELISA. Additionally, birch, grass,...
Abstract Background Antigen‐specific memory B cells play a key role in the induction of desensitization and remission to food allergens oral immunotherapy development natural tolerance (NT). Here, we characterized milk allergen Bos d 9‐specific allergen‐specific (OIT) children spontaneously outgrowing cow's allergy (CMA) due NT. Methods Samples from with CMA who received OIT (before, during, after), naturally outgrew (NT), healthy individuals were Stanford biobank. isolated by flow cytometry...
Background Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are one of the main causes virus-induced asthma exacerbations. Infiltration B lymphocytes into subepithelial tissue lungs has been demonstrated during rhinovirus infection in allergic individuals. However, mechanisms through which HRVs modulate immune responses monocytes and not yet well described. Objective To study dynamics virus uptake by lymphocytes, ability to induce activation vitro-cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Methods Flow...