Aysu Okbay
A5104470074- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Education Systems and Policy
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Economic Growth and Productivity
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2016-2025
Amsterdam Neuroscience
2017-2024
Tinbergen Institute
2023-2024
Erasmus University Rotterdam
2015-2019
Erasmus MC
2015-2016
University of Groningen
2016
Washington Center
2016
University of Washington
2016
Abstract We conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment (EA) in sample ~3 million individuals and identify 3,952 approximately uncorrelated genome-wide-significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A polygenic predictor, or index (PGI), explains 12–16% EA variance contributes to risk prediction for ten diseases. Direct effects (i.e., controlling parental PGIs) explain roughly half the PGI’s magnitude with other phenotypes. The correlation between mate-pair...
<b>Objective</b> To determine whether educational attainment is a causal risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. <b>Design</b> Mendelian randomisation study, using genetic data as proxies for education to minimise confounding. <b>Setting</b> The main analysis used from two large consortia (CARDIoGRAMplusC4D and SSGAC), comprising 112 studies predominantly high income countries. Findings mendelian analyses were then compared against results traditional...
Epidemiological and genetic association studies show that genetics play an important role in the attainment of education. Here, we investigate effect this component on reproductive history 109,120 Icelanders consequent impact gene pool over time. We educational polygenic score, POLYEDU, constructed from results a recent study is associated with delayed reproduction (P < 10-100) fewer children overall. The stronger for women remains highly significant after adjusting attainment. Based 129,808...
Individuals with lower socio-economic status (SES) are at increased risk of physical and mental illnesses tend to die an earlier age [1-3]. Explanations for the association between SES health typically focus on factors that environmental in origin [4]. However, common SNPs have been found collectively explain around 18% phenotypic variance area-based social deprivation measure [5]. Molecular genetic studies also shown psychiatric diseases partly heritable [6]. It is possible associations...
Effects estimated by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) include effects of alleles in an individual on that (direct genetic effects), indirect (for example, parents offspring through the environment) and bias from confounding. Within-family variation is random, enabling unbiased estimation direct when are genotyped. However, parental genotypes often missing. We introduce a method imputes missing estimates effects. Our method, implemented software package snipar (single-nucleotide...
Understanding which biological pathways are specific versus general across diagnostic categories and levels of symptom severity is critical to improving nosology treatment psychopathology. Here, we combine transdiagnostic dimensional approaches genetic discovery for the first time, conducting a novel multivariate genome-wide association study eight psychiatric symptoms disorders broadly related mood disturbance psychosis. We identify two liabilities that distinguish between common forms...
Abstract We conducted a genome-wide association study on income among individuals of European descent ( N = 668,288) to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status and health disparities. identified 162 genomic loci associated with common genetic factor underlying various measures, all small effect sizes (the Income Factor). Our polygenic index captures 1–5% variance, only one fourth due direct effects. A phenome-wide using this showed reduced risks for diseases including...
Educational attainment is associated with many health outcomes, including longevity. It also known to be substantially heritable. Here, we used data from three large genetic epidemiology cohort studies (Generation Scotland, n = ∼17,000; UK Biobank, ∼115,000; and the Estonian ∼6,000) test whether education-linked variants can predict lifespan length. We did so by using members' polygenic profile score for education their parents' Across cohorts, meta-analysis showed that a 1 SD higher was...
Abstract We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of relative intake from the macronutrients fat, protein, carbohydrates, and sugar in over 235,000 individuals European ancestries. identified 21 unique, approximately independent lead SNPs. Fourteen SNPs are uniquely associated with one macronutrient at significance ( P < 5 × 10 −8 ), while five reach suggestive 1 −5 ) for least other macronutrient. While phenotypes genetically correlated, each phenotype carries a partially...
Higher educational attainment (EA) is negatively associated with schizophrenia (SZ). However, recent studies found a positive genetic correlation between EA and SZ. We investigate possible causes of this counterintuitive finding using genome-wide association study results for SZ (N = 443,581) replication cohort (1169 controls; 1067 cases) deeply phenotyped patients. find strong dependence that cannot be explained by chance, linkage disequilibrium, or assortative mating. Instead, several...
Abstract Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over one million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors the driving, drinking, smoking, sexual domains. We identified 611 approximately independent genetic loci associated with at least our phenotypes, including 124 tolerance. report evidence substantial shared influences across tolerance behaviors: 72 contain...
Large-scale genome-wide association results are typically obtained from a fixed-effects meta-analysis of GWAS summary statistics multiple studies spanning different regions and/or time periods. This approach averages the estimated effects genetic variants across studies. In case heterogeneous studies, statistical power and predictive accuracy polygenic scores attenuated, contributing to so-called 'missing heritability'. Here, we describe online Meta-GWAS Accuracy Power (MetaGAP) calculator...
Objective: Experience of stressful life events is associated with risk depression. Yet many exposed individuals do not become depressed. A controversial hypothesis that genetic factors influence vulnerability to depression following stress. This often tested a “diathesis-stress” model, in which genes confer excess vulnerability. The authors an alternative formulation this model: may buffer against depressogenic effects Method: hypothesized was measured using polygenic score derived from...
It is well established that higher cognitive ability associated with larger brain size. However, individual variation in intelligence exists despite size and recent studies have shown a simple unifactorial view of the neurobiology underpinning probably unrealistic. Educational attainment (EA) often used as proxy for since it easily measured, resulting large sample sizes and, consequently, sufficient statistical power to detect small associations. This study investigates association between...