Giacomo Giacalone
A5054374172- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
- Neurosurgical Procedures and Complications
- Moyamoya disease diagnosis and treatment
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Migraine and Headache Studies
- RNA regulation and disease
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
2013-2025
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
2010-2025
IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
2024
Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo
2024
Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele
2010-2022
San Raffaele University of Rome
2010-2021
Institute of Photonic Sciences
2021
Ospedale San Giacomo Apostolo
2019
Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea
2014-2016
University of Pavia
2014-2016
Data on residual clinical damage after Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. The aims of this study were to investigate whether COVID-19 leaves behind dysfunction, and identify patients who might benefit from post-discharge monitoring. All aged ≥18 years admitted the Emergency Department (ED) for COVID-19, evaluated at follow-up between 7 April May, 2020, enrolled. Primary outcome was need follow-up, defined as presence least one among: respiratory rate (RR) >20 breaths/min,...
To examine whether risk factor profile, baseline features, and outcome of cervical artery dissection (CEAD) differ according to the site.We analyzed 982 consecutive patients with CEAD included in Cervical Artery Dissection Ischemic Stroke Patients observational study (n = 619 internal carotid [ICAD], n 327 vertebral [VAD], 36 ICAD VAD).Patients were older (p < 0.0001), more often men 0.006), frequently had a recent infection (odds ratio [OR] 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.31]),...
Background— Data on long-term risk and predictors of recurrent thrombotic events after ischemic stroke at a young age are limited. Methods Results— We followed 1867 patients with first-ever who were 18 to 45 years (mean age, 36.8±7.1 years; women, 49.0%), as part the Italian Project Stroke in Young Adults (IPSYS). Median follow-up was 40 months (25th 75th percentile, 53). The primary end point composite stroke, transient attack, myocardial infarction, or other arterial events. One hundred...
<h3>Importance</h3> Although sparse observational studies have suggested a link between migraine and cervical artery dissection (CEAD), any association the 2 disorders is still unconfirmed. This lack of definitive conclusion might implications in understanding pathogenesis both conditions complex relationship ischemic stroke (IS). <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether history its subtypes associated with occurrence CEAD. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> A prospective cohort study...
Aging is an established risk factor for stroke; genes regulating longevity are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke where to date, therapeutic options remain limited. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) crucially involved ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) brain injury thus representing attractive target developing novel agents. Given role endothelial cells BBB, we hypothesized that endothelial-specific expression recently described gene SIRT6 may exhibit protective properties stroke.SIRT6...
AimConstitutive genetic deletion of the adaptor protein p66Shc was shown to protect from ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we aimed at understanding molecular mechanisms underlying this effect in stroke and studied gene regulation human ischaemic stroke.
Background and Purpose— Inflammation is a major pathogenic component of ischemia/reperfusion brain injury, as such, interventions aimed at inhibiting inflammatory mediators promise to be effective strategies in stroke therapy. JunD—a member the AP-1 (activated protein-1) family transcription factors—was recently shown regulate inflammation by targeting IL (interleukin)-1β synthesis macrophage activation. The purpose present study was assess role JunD ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury....
Epidemiologic evidence links ischemic stroke to age, yet the mechanisms that underlie specific and independent effects of age on remain elusive, impeding development targeted treatments. This study tested hypothesis directly aggravates outcomes proposes inflamm-aging as a mediator potential therapeutic target.3 months- (young) 18-20 months-old (old) mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 30 minutes followed by 48 hours reperfusion. Old animals received weekly...
: The spatial and temporal distribution of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recurrence are largely unknown. To assess timing location recurrent ICH events in relation to the index event (adjacent [adjICH] vs remote [remICH]). This cohort study was a pooled analysis individual studies from 2002 2021 among hospital-based European cohorts. Patients with 2 or more clinically distinguishable (≥1 recurrent) small vessel disease-related were included. Data performed December 2023 2024. underlying...
The reproducibility of cerebral time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) has not been investigated so far.Besides, reference intervals optical properties, absolute concentrations deoxygenated-hemoglobin (HbR), oxygenatedhemoglobin (HbO), total hemoglobin (HbT) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO 2 ) their variability have reported.We addressed these issues on a sample 88 adult healthy subjects.TD-NIRS measurements at 690, 785, 830 nm were fitted with the diffusion model for...
Genetic and environmental risk factors are assumed to contribute the susceptibility cervical artery dissection (CeAD). To explore role of genetic imbalance in etiology CeAD, copy number variants (CNVs) were identified high-density microarrays samples from multicenter CADISP (Cervical Artery Dissection Ischemic Stroke Patients) study control subjects German PopGen biobank. Microarray data 833 CeAD patients 2040 (565 with ischemic stroke due causes different 1475 disease-free individuals)...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder often treated with donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Response to donepezil variable, probably based on patients' genetic background in metabolizing enzymes, including c
Abstract Background Astrocytes respond to local insults within the brain and spinal cord with important changes in their phenotype. This process, overall known as “activation”, is observed upon proinflammatory stimulation leads astrocytes acquire either a detrimental phenotype, thereby contributing neurodegenerative or protective thus supporting neuronal survival. Within mechanisms responsible for inflammatory neurodegeneration, oxidative stress plays major role has recently been recognized...
Thrombolysis is often withheld from acute ischemic stroke patients presenting with mild symptoms; however, up to 40% of these end a poor outcome when left untreated. Since there lack consensus on the definition minor symptoms, we aimed at addressing this issue by looking for features that would better predict functional outcomes 3 months.Among all admitted our Stroke Unit (n = 1,229), selected cohort who arrived within 24 hours symptoms onset, baseline NIHSS ≤6, not treated thrombolysis...
Background and Purpose— We sought to explore the effect of genetic imbalance on functional outcome after ischemic stroke (IS). Methods— Copy number variation was identified in high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray data IS patients from CADISP (Cervical Artery Dissection Ischemic Stroke Patients) SiGN (Stroke Genetics Network)/GISCOME (Genetics Ischaemic Functional Outcome) networks. Genetic imbalance, defined as total protein-coding genes affected by copy variations an...
Large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke might cause different degrees of hemodynamic impairment that affects microcirculation and contributes to metabolic derangement. Time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) estimates the oxygenation cerebral outer layers. We measure hemoglobin species tissue oxygen saturation ( StO2 ) anterior circulation patients, classified as LVO or lacunar, assess differences compared with controls according recanalization status. Fiducial markers categorize brain...
<h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the role of alcohol as a causal factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and whether its effects might vary according to pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral bleeding. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed case-control analysis, comparing cohort consecutive white patients with ICH aged 55 years older group age- sex-matched stroke-free controls, enrolled in setting Multicenter Study on Cerebral Haemorrhage Italy (MUCH-Italy) between 2002 2014. Participants were...
The identification of patients surviving an acute intracerebral hemorrhage who are at a long-term risk arterial thrombosis is poorly defined, crucial issue for clinicians.
Background: The role of genetic factors in influencing the clinical expression multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. Objective: objective this paper to identify genes, pathways and networks implicated age at onset (AAO) severity, measured using Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS), primary-progressive MS (PPMS). Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) 470 PPMS patients Italian origin:. Allelic 296,589 SNPs with AAO MSSS was calculated. Pathway network analyses were...