A5091396460- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Cancer survivorship and care
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Breast Lesions and Carcinomas
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
University of the Witwatersrand
2016-2025
South African Medical Research Council
2018-2023
Africa Health Research Institute
2017-2023
Yale Cancer Center
2023
Yale University
2023
Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital
2013-2020
Helen Joseph Hospital
2019
Health Systems Trust
2018
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2018
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
2018
BackgroundBreast cancer is the second leading cause of death from in women sub-Saharan Africa, yet there are few well characterised large-scale survival studies with complete follow-up data. We aimed to provide robust estimates this setting and apportion gaps.MethodsThe African Breast Cancer-Disparities Outcomes (ABC-DO) prospective cohort study was done at eight hospitals across five countries (Namibia, Nigeria, South Uganda, Zambia). prospectively recruited (aged ≥18 years) who attended...
Advanced stage at diagnosis contributes to low breast cancer survival rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Living far from health services is known delay presentation, but the effect of residential distance hospital, radius which this sets and women most affected have not been quantified. In a periurban South African setting, we examined geographic information system (GIS)-measured straight-line distance, patient's residence diagnostic on 1,071 public-sector patients diagnosed during 2006-2012....
Estimates of the proportion estrogen receptor negative (ERN) and triple-negative (TRN) breast cancer from sub-Saharan Africa are variable include high values. Large studies status conducted on non-archival tissue lacking this region. We identified 1218 consecutive women (91% black) diagnosed with invasive 2006–2012 at a public hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Immunohistochemistry based ER, progesterone (PR) human epidermal factor 2 (HER2) receptors were assessed diagnosis pre-treatment...
Purpose Reported breast cancer incidence is rising in South Africa, where some women are diagnosed late and have poor outcomes. We studied patient provider factors associated with clinical stage at diagnosis among the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital Soweto, Johannesburg 2015–2016. Methods From face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaires we compared self-reported socioeconomics, demographics, comorbidities, risk factors, personal health system barriers, from records,...
Breast cancer (BC) survival rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are low part due to advanced stage at diagnosis. As one component of a study the entire journey SSA women with BC, we aimed identify shared and setting-specific drivers BC. Women newly diagnosed multicountry African Cancer-Disparities Outcomes (ABC-DO) completed baseline interview their information was extracted from medical records. Ordinal logistic regression used estimate odds ratios (OR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) for (I,...
In the low-income HIV-endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa, malignancies related to HIV have long been recognized as a major public health problem. However, epithelial associated with older age, such breast cancer, are also rising dramatically in those regions. We compared consecutive HIV-positive and -negative black women diagnosed cancer at large hospital Soweto, South on year diagnosis, stage, grade, receptor status, grouped patients by CD4 cell counts. computed prevalence ratios...
Abstract Background Genome-wide association studies do not always replicate well across populations, limiting the generalizability of polygenic risk scores (PRS). Despite higher incidence and mortality rates prostate cancer in men African descent, much what is known about genetics comes from populations European descent. To understand how genetic predictions perform different we evaluated test characteristics PRS three previous using data UK Biobank a novel dataset 1298 cases 1333 controls...
Background. Monitoring quality indicators to improve breast cancer care is well established in high-income countries. This the first evaluation of diagnostic and surgical for initial benchmarking South Africa (SA). Objective. To measure adherence rates among women with SA. Methods. Ten were evaluated 3 545 patients across four SA units using a shared electronic patient record system. Data differences between determined. The effect HIV status on was assessed by multivariate Poisson regression...
Androgenetic alopecia is a highly heritable trait. However, much of our understanding about the genetics male pattern baldness comes from individuals European descent. Here, we examined dataset comprising 2,136 men Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, and South Africa that were genotyped using MADCaP Array. We first tested how genetic predictions generalize Europe to found polygenic scores GWAS yielded AUC statistics ranged 0.513 0.546, indicating generalized poorly African populations. Subsequently,...
In low- and middle-income, HIV-endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa, morbidity mortality from the common epithelial cancers developed world are rising. Even among HIV-infected individuals, access to antiretroviral therapy has enhanced life expectancy, shifting distribution cancer diagnoses toward non-AIDS-defining malignancies, including breast cancer. Building on our prior research, we recently initiated South African Breast Cancer HIV Outcomes study.We will recruit a cohort 3,000 women...
Abstract Although prostate cancer is the leading cause of mortality for African men, vast majority known disease associations have been detected in European study cohorts. Furthermore, most genome-wide association studies used genotyping arrays that are hindered by SNP ascertainment bias. To overcome these disparities genomic medicine, Men Descent and Carcinoma Prostate (MADCaP) Network has developed a array optimized populations. The MADCaP Array contains more than 1.5 million markers an...
Abstract Background Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death, particularly in developing countries. WHO screening guidelines recommend human papilloma virus (HPV) detection as means to identify women at risk cervical cancer. While HPV testing identifies those risk, it does not specifically distinguish individuals with neoplasia. We investigated whether quantitative molecular test that measures methylated DNA markers could high-risk lesions the cervix accuracy. Results Marker...
The understanding of patients with cancer their condition and wishes regarding care as they approach end life (EoL) have been studied more in high-income countries than low- middle-income (LMICs).Data were analyzed from a cohort study (N = 221) advanced who recruited palliative center Soweto, South Africa (LMIC), between May 2016 June 2017. Patients asked about illness, estimated expectancy, EoL communication, preferences.Only 13 (5.9%) acknowledged that terminally ill; nine (4.1%)...
Abstract Incidence rates of breast cancer (BC) are increasing in South Africa. The aim this study was to investigate the association between dietary intake and BC risk black African women. population included 396 cases population-based controls matched on age residence, participating Breast Cancer study. Diet assessed using a validated quantified FFQ from which twelve energy-adjusted food groups were formed analysed. OR estimated conditional logistic regressions, adjusted for confounding...
In some countries of sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence HIV exceeds 20%; in South 20.4% people are living with HIV. We examined impact infection on overall survival (OS) women nonmetastatic breast cancer (BC) enrolled African Breast Cancer and Outcomes (SABCHO) study. recruited newly diagnosed BC at six public hospitals from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2019. Among stages I-III BC, we compared those without sociodemographic, clinical, treatment factors. analyzed OS using multivariable Cox...
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different gene expression profiles, treatment options and outcomes. In South Africa, tumors are classified using immunohistochemistry. high-income countries multiparameter genomic assays being utilized implications for tumor classification treatment.In cohort of 378 breast patients from the SABCHO study, we investigated concordance between samples by IHC PAM50 assay.IHC as ER-positive (77.5%), PR-positive (70.6%), HER2-positive (32.3%). These...
Cancer of the prostate (CaP) is leading cancer among men in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A substantial proportion these with CaP are diagnosed at late (usually incurable) stages, yet little known about etiology SSA.
Background: Breast cancer is the most common globally and among South African women. Women from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities more often present later receive total mastectomy compared to those affluent who have breast conserving surgery (which less invasive but requires mandatory radiation treatment post-operatively). Standard chemotherapy treatments are known cause traumatizing side effects emotional suffering women; moreover, many women face limited communication with...
Abstract The low overall survival rates of patients with breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are driven by regionally differing tumor biology, advanced stages at diagnosis, and limited access to therapy. However, it is not known whether regional differences the composition microenvironment (TME) exist affect patients’ prognosis. In this international, multicentre cohort study, 1,237 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, including samples “African Breast Cancer-Disparities Outcomes...