A5088921831- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Malaria Research and Control
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications
- Complement system in diseases
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
University of Malawi
2014-2024
Kamuzu Central Hospital
2018-2024
Blantyre Institute for Community Ophthalmology
2006-2020
Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital
2001-2018
Tenwek Hospital
2018
National Cancer Institute
2018
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2018
University of California, San Francisco
2018
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
2017
Ministry of Health
2005-2017
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with majority cases deaths occurring in developing countries. While cancer the lung, breast, colorectum, stomach prostate are most common types globally, east southern Africa these less comprehensive data to inform policies lacking. Nationwide registry was conducted between September October 2010 Malawi. New registered from 2007 were identified hospital clinic registers 81 out 84 health facilities providing diagnosis, treatment...
Pediatric cerebral malaria carries a high mortality rate in sub-Saharan Africa. We present our systematic analysis of the descriptive and quantitative histopathology all organs sampled from series 103 autopsies performed between 1996 2010 Blantyre, Malawi on pediatric patients control (without coma, or without infection) who were clinically well characterized prior to death. found brain swelling majority controls. The with sequestration parasites demonstrated two patterns: a) "classic"...
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with rapidly increasing incidence rates reported Uganda and Zimbabwe. However, magnitude these rising trends premenopausal postmenopausal women unknown most African countries. We used data from Cancer Registry Network on incident breast cancers 11 population-based registries 10 countries representing each four SSA regions. explored changes among before after age 50 by calendar period and, where possible, generational...
Children in sub-Saharan Africa continue to acquire and die from cerebral malaria, despite efforts control or eliminate the causative agent, Plasmodium falciparum. We present a quantitative histopathological assessment of sequestration parasitized erythrocytes multiple organs obtained during prospective series 103 autopsies performed between 1996 2010 Blantyre, Malawi, on pediatric patients who died malaria controls. After brain, parasites was most intense gastrointestinal tract, both with...
Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the leading in men sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regarding incidence and mortality. Published data from a few registries SSA suggest that rates are still rising, but there little comprehensive information on time trends of prostate incidence. Methods: We analyzed registry 13,170 incident cases aged 40 years or above, 12 population-based 11 countries, with at least 10-year span comparable data. Results: observed an increase cumulative risks (CR)...
Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) but the extent of its contribution to disease burden in African cancer corridor has not been comprehensively elucidated, including by type tobacco use. We investigated (smoking and smokeless) ESCC Tanzania, Malawi Kenya. Hospital-based case-control studies were conducted three countries. Incident cases controls interviewed using comprehensive questionnaire which included questions on smoking...
Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms such as aberrant DNA methylation (DNAme) are known to drive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet they remain poorly understood. Here, we studied tumor-specific DNAme in ESCC cases from nine high-incidence countries of Africa, Asia, and South America. Infinium MethylationEPIC array was performed on 108 tumors 51 normal tissues adjacent the (NAT) discovery phase, targeted pyrosequencing 132 36 NAT replication phase. Top genes for were prioritized by...
Abstract Background Pathologists face major challenges in breast cancer diagnostics sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The problems identified as impairing the quality of pathology reports are shortcomings equipment, organization and insufficiently qualified personnel. In addition, context cancer, immunohistochemistry (IHC) needs to be available for evaluation biomarkers. study presented, we aim describe current state order highlight unmet needs. Methods We obtained information on services within...
Consumption of very-hot beverages/food is a probable carcinogen. In East Africa, we investigated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) risk in relation to four thermal exposure metrics separately and combined score.
In this paper, we report the first results from population‐based cancer registry for Blantyre district, Malawi, period 1994–1998. 5‐year period, 1245 cases were recorded in males (an estimated age‐standardized incidence of 92.0 per 100,000) and 1003 females age standardised rate (ASR) 88.8 10 5 ). The overall percentage with histological verification was just 41.8%, indicating that case‐finding outside laboratory had been quite successful; nevertheless rather low rates suggest possible...
BackgroundThe contribution of alcohol to the large burden oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in east Africa remains uncertain and difficult assess owing complex consumption patterns traditional commercial drinks. We aimed whether drinking, overall at specific intake levels, contributes ESCC risk Africa.MethodsWe did a hospital-based case-control study Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, which included comprehensive assessment variety locally consumed that we used classify drinkers as...
Falciparum malaria is characterized by cytoadherence of host erythrocytes containing mature asexual-stage parasites and the consequent sequestration these forms in tissue microvasculature. A postmortem study pediatric provided us with opportunity to compare genetic complexity circulating sequestered Plasmodium falciparum populations, patients fatal cerebral (CM) versus control subjects incidental P. parasitemia who died causes other than malaria. Parasite genotypes identified peripheral...
In this paper, we present incidence rates of different cancers calculated for the population Blantyre, Malawi period 2008-2010, using data from Cancer Registry. Active methods were used case finding, with standard checks accuracy and validity performed in CanReg 4. During 3-year period, a total 3,711 cases registered comprising 1,643 men (an estimated age-standardized rate (ASR) 169.8 per 100,000) 2,068 women (ASR 238.7 105 ). Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was most common cancer (40.5% all men; ASR...
Abstract The low overall survival rates of patients with breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are driven by regionally differing tumor biology, advanced stages at diagnosis, and limited access to therapy. However, it is not known whether regional differences the composition microenvironment (TME) exist affect patients’ prognosis. In this international, multicentre cohort study, 1,237 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, including samples “African Breast Cancer-Disparities Outcomes...
With antiretroviral therapy (ART), AIDS-defining cancer incidence has declined and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) are now more frequent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected populations in high-income countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, limited epidemiological data describe burden ART users.We used probabilistic algorithms to link cases from the population-based registry with electronic medical records supporting delivery Malawi's 2 largest HIV cohorts 2000-2010. Age-adjusted...
Geophagia, the intentional practice of consuming soil, occurs across African esophageal cancer corridor, particularly during pregnancy. We investigated whether this is linked to endemic squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in region. conducted ESCC case-control studies Tanzania, Malawi and Kenya. Cases were patients with incident histologically/clinically confirmed controls hospital patients/visitors without digestive diseases. Participants asked if they had ever eaten soil...
Blood group O has been significantly associated with increased placental malaria infection in primiparae and reduced risk of multiparae the Gambia, an area markedly seasonal transmission. This study analyses association between ABO blood phenotypes relation to pathology birth outcomes southern Malawi, perennial transmission.A cross-sectional 647 mother/child pairs delivering Montfort Hospital, Chikwawa District February-June 2004 January-July 2005 was undertaken. Maternal peripheral cord...