A5039539514- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Noise Effects and Management
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Meningioma and schwannoma management
- Child Welfare and Adoption
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Transportation and Mobility Innovations
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
University of Otago
2016-2025
Hospital for Sick Children
2019-2024
Johns Hopkins University
2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2024
Maurice Wilkins Centre
2023-2024
University of Auckland
2020-2024
SickKids Foundation
2020-2024
California University of Pennsylvania
2024
Rush University Medical Center
2024
Washington University in St. Louis
2024
To assess whether non-polluting, more effective home heating (heat pump, wood pellet burner, flued gas) has a positive effect on the health of children with asthma.Randomised controlled trial.Households in five communities New Zealand.409 aged 6-12 years doctor diagnosed asthma.Installation heater before winter. The control group received replacement at end trial.The primary outcome was change lung function (peak expiratory flow rate and forced volume one second, FEV(1)). Secondary outcomes...
PURPOSE Children with pediatric gliomas harboring a BRAF V600E mutation have poor outcomes current chemoradiotherapy strategies. Our aim was to study the role of targeted inhibition in these tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS We collected clinical, imaging, molecular, and outcome information from patients V600E–mutated glioma treated across 29 centers multiple countries. RESULTS Sixty-seven were (pediatric low-grade [PLGGs], n = 56; high-grade [PHGGs], 11) for up 5.6 years. Objective responses...
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and heart disease (RHD) remain an inequitable cause of avoidable suffering early death in many countries, including among Indigenous Māori Pacific populations New Zealand. There is a lack robust evidence on interventions to prevent ARF. This study aimed identify modifiable risk factors, with the goal producing support policies programs decrease rates ARF.A case-control was undertaken Zealand using hospitalised, first episode ARF cases meeting standard...
Background: Clinical trials of anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies in Alzheimer disease (AD) infer target engagement from Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) and/or fluid biomarkers such as cerebrospinal (CSF) Aβ42/40.However, these measure deposits indirectly incompletely.In contrast, postmortem neuropathologic assessments allow direct investigation treatment effects on brain and many other pathologic features.Methods: From a clinical trial dominantly inherited AD, we measured...
There is growing evidence that asthma symptoms can be aggravated or events triggered by exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) emitted from unflued gas heating. The impact of NO on the respiratory health children with was explored as a secondary analysis randomised community trial, involving 409 households during winter period in 2006 (June September). Geometric mean levels were 11.4 μg·m −3 , while outdoor 7.4 . Higher (per logged unit increase) associated greater daily reports lower...
Abstract We describe trends in acute rheumatic fever (ARF), heart disease (RHD), and RHD deaths among population groups New Zealand. analyzed initial primary ARF hospitalizations during 2000–2018 mortality rates 2000–2016. found elevated of for persons Māori (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 11.8, 95% CI 10.0–14.0) Pacific Islander (aRR 23.6, 19.9–27.9) ethnicity compared with European/other ethnicity. also noted higher hospitalization 3.2, 2.9–3.5) 4.6, 4.2–5.1) these (Māori aRR 12.3, 10.3–14.6,...
<h3>Introduction</h3> Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is usually considered a consequence of group A streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis, with GAS skin infections not major trigger. The aim was to quantify the risk ARF following GAS-positive or throat swab. <h3>Methods</h3> This retrospective analysis used pre-existing administrative data. Throat and swab data (1 866 981 swabs) from Auckland region, New Zealand antibiotic dispensing were (2010–2017). Incident cases identified using hospitalisation...
A comprehensive review and description of the clinical features that impact prognosis for patients with diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant (G34-DHG) is needed. Understanding survival prognostic paramount advancements patient care.
The high burden of disease and the long-lasting sequelae following Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) infections make development an effective vaccine a global health priority. Streptolysin O (SLO), is key toxin in complex pathogenesis Strep A infection. Antibodies are elicited against SLO after natural exposure represent target for vaccine-induced immunity. Here we present setup characterization hemolysis assay to measure functionality anti-SLO antibodies human sera. Assay specificity,...
aim: To describe the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Streptococcal pyogenes pyogenes) skin infections in Auckland, New Zealand. method: A population-based retrospective analysis swab culture results (2010–2020), collected primary care, was conducted to determine incidence rates rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), using 2013 Zealand Census data as denominator. results: Over one-quarter Auckland’s population were tested for suspected over 11-year...
Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and heart disease (RHD) remain significant health issues for Māori Pacific communities in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). Subcutaneous injection of penicillin (SCIP) enables injections to be given 10-weekly as an alternative the standard secondary prophylaxis four-weekly intramuscular (IM) injections. As part a clinical trial involving participants who have been on SCIP at least one year, we aim explore treatment adherence, pain management, quality life...
Abstract Background Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes superficial pharyngitis and skin infections as well serious autoimmune sequelae such acute rheumatic fever (ARF) subsequent heart disease. ARF pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Immune priming by repeated GAS is thought to trigger ARF, there growing evidence for the role of in this process. Methods We utilized our recently developed 8-plex immunoassay, comprising antigens used clinical serology diagnosis (SLO, DNase B, SpnA), 5...
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious sequala of Group A Streptococcus (GAS, pyogenes). In New Zealand (NZ) ARF major cause health inequity. This study describes the genomic analysis GAS isolates associated with childhood skin and throat infections in Auckland NZ.Isolates (n = 469) collected between March 2018 October 2019 from throats children (5-14 years) underwent whole sequencing. Equal representation across three ethnic groups was ensured through sample quotas...
Since 1955, the recommended strategy for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) secondary prophylaxis has been benzathine penicillin G [BPG; 1.2 MU (900 mg)] injections administered intramuscularly every 4 weeks. Due to dosing frequency, pain, and programmatic challenges, adherence is suboptimal. It previously demonstrated that BPG delivered subcutaneously at a standard dose safe tolerable favorable pharmacokinetics, setting scene improved regimens with less frequent administration. The safety,...
Group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections cause the autoimmune disease acute rheumatic fever (ARF), which can progress to chronic heart (RHD). Treating pharyngitis caused by GAS with antibiotics is important in preventing ARF. However, it difficult distinguish these from carriers. There growing evidence for skin as a of This study will identify incidence true and serological responses infections. The effectiveness conditions be explored, modifiable risk factors. Serum antibody titres indicating...
Secondary prophylaxis to prevent rheumatic heart disease (RHD) progression, in the form of four-weekly intramuscular benzathine benzylpenicillin G (BPG) injections, has remained unchanged since 1955. Qualitative investigations into patient preference have highlighted need for long-acting penicillins be delivered less frequently, ideally with reduced pain. We describe experience healthy volunteers participating a phase-I safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic trial subcutaneous infusions...
M1UK is associated with current surges in invasive infection globally, partly due to increased production of superantigen streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. We show that now the dominant emm1 lineage Aotearoa New Zealand and genomically related community infections, suggesting measures effectively prevent group A Streptococcus pharyngitis children could reduce disease.
We have used the polymerase chain reaction to investigate HIV-1 infection of lung macrophages from 44 AIDS patients with pneumonia. Proviral DNA was detected in 47% (21 44) tested; 32% (seven 21) had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and 56% (11 caused by other aetiological agents. Matched peripheral blood specimens were obtained 22 this study, HIV-1-specific 100% (22 out 22) non-adherent white cell preparations tested. HIV monocytes 11 (50%), a virus signal also found eight these...
In New Zealand, as in many other countries, housing the private-rental sector is worse condition than owner-occupier sector. Zealand residential buildings have no inspection regime after original construction signoff. Laws and regulations mandating standards for existing are outdated spread over a range of instruments. Policies to improve been notoriously difficult implement. this methods paper, we describe development implementation rental Warrant Fitness (WoF) intended address these...